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MINUTE PAPER
lesone Dese bende
vesper erano beee de Lootor
Ha tetto cieloson craz
National Archives ef Australia
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SUMMART
The carly analyses of 1P0 reports by USAl intelligence
indieuted that roal
phenomona vore being reported which had flight
charactunisitos so far. in advance of U.S. aircraft that only aa
extra-tarrestial origin could be envisaged. A goveronent agency,
ubich later events indented to be the 03A office of Sciontifia
Intelligence (091), studied the UVO reporto with the intentioo of
determinine the UTO mopusion bethods. At that time, OSt vas
responeitile for intelligence on foreiga resencch and development
in nucleos and sissilo matters,
2.
The OT becone alarmed at the overloading of bilitary
communidationg during the muse sightings at 1952 and considered
the poseibility that the USSR may toke odventage of such a situatiou.
As a reoult, 0S1 sctlag through the Robertson-panel meeting of
mid-Janary 1053, persuaded the USAP to use Project Butt 200K as 8
moons of publicly "debunking" UPOts, and at a later atage to alicesto
funds for the Avro advancca loaucer" aircraft and the laucing of a
crash progronmo tuto anti-gravity pover..
To inittate such progaranes
decados ahead of turmal eciontific developoent vould indicate that
the U.S. Goveranent acknowledged the existence of adrunced "airerall»
which prosumably used a gravity-control method
of propulaton. An
additional antication could have been the tear
that the USSR would
achievo this youl before the U.B.
3.
By crocting a facede of ridicule, the U.S, hoped to allay
public blara, reduce the possibility of the Soviet taling advantage
of UFO mass sizltinas for oither psyclological or actual vartono
purposes, dad a92 as a cover for the road V.S, programno of developing
vehicles that caulate UTO perforannces:
The RAAP togethor with many
othor countries of the vorld give crodenco only to the USal povite
focado and appear to havo uncritically accartod the associated
informution. This information haa beon sidely disoradiled by retiring
U.So corvice personnel formerly engeged on UPO investigationa, as
voll as by scientiato ad privato eltienna.
4.
The conclusions of the Condon repost conflict vill
contents and has boon aiscredited by sany reputable voichtiets
incluling the UNO actentifle consultant to the USAD. To accordoned
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with the recommendations of the Condon report, Project. BLUS DOOK
was terminated, but presumably this would lavo little effect on
the main progranne,
5.
It vould appear wrong for Australia
to
remain ignorant of
the true situation.
We ladk an
intelligence vievpoint thut con
assess the nature and posaible consequenoes of the problem, a
scientific vierpoint that could derive scientifically valid data
from the reports and a publio relatione viewpoint that can honestey
satisfy public interest. To overcome thee deficiencies in the
Austration investigation of UPO'sy it would seen that a strong cass.
exists for the ecceptance of
the RAAP suggestion that another
Bovermont department assume responsibility for the investigation
and analysis of UFO reports.
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V.S. OPEXCAAL
In June of 1947 the Air Techaical Intelligence Centro
(ATIC) near Dayton, Ohio, dasumed a reopensibility to investigate
the loitial soports of (flying saucers'* Vithin a month it was
considered that the pleponena were real and probably of Soviet
origin. Do the end
of the
Year y
when AIIC was officially authoriaed
to investigate
under
the project
code nace of SIGN and with a high
priority, nost
the investigators vero focussing on an inter-
planetary
nather
then a Soviet origin,
These
opiniona were
crystallisod
tato a writton cotinate that was sont to the Pentagon
in Septenber 1948%
Vhen the interplanetary conolusions vere rejeo ed
on the grounds of
insulticient hard ovidence, a reaction set in at
ATIC against trying to unravel the UFO problem.
In February 1949, AlIC personnel on Projeot SIGN were
replaced with
now personnel to form Project GRUDGE.
A dediaito
attempt was
made
doring 1919 to use Project GRUDGE to destroy any
acceptance
of UPO*s *
The notives dor thia are not clear: possibls
Air Force enbarnasament ab being incapable of controlling the
situation and/or a fear of national
panic prompted USAY to try and
remove: the problem by denying its exiatence,
Another possible
motive
may have
boon
lo provido a breathing space for another
#investigstive
agoney" to reach
some conclusion; the agency had been
assisting
AnIC
through 1048 and, contrary to official USAF
poliey,
# BS
maintaining a high level of intereat during 1949.
This governmental
agency was
not
the FBI, and bad reckot, nuclear and intolligence
experts;
their puxpose
wAs to study UTO deports in an effont to nether
design date on interplanetany spaceships, In the light of later
developmonts, this agency was almost certainly the CIA.
3.
Project GRUDE failed to eliminate the UPO problem. UPO
reports in 1949 actually exceoded the nuber: in 1948, and several
people who had gained access to earlier oftleial reports vere ablo
to contradict the USAE, Journalists
conorally: felt
that GRuDGD
reporting represented a cover to a more serious koowledge.
Eventually.
USAF intelligence decided thot a fresh epproach to the
probleo van
посозвагу.
Between Septembez 1951
and the estoblichnent of Projeot
BLUE BOOK In Narch 1952, UPO investigation regained adoguate fintocial
and administrative
support to once again analyse the collected dota.
Project BLUE DOOK was able to process the dato frdo 3,200 reporta: inta
o fora suitable for their consultants to be abla to use IDY card.
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2
sorling machines.
4.
The aunnor of 1952 maw
a more than
twenty-fold rise in
the normal rate of reporting and included the two extensive July
sightings involving Washington D.O.
This marked increase in sightinys
had diverse effects. A component of USE intelligence considered
that UPO's vero interplanetary spacoships which were about to make
closer contact.
To prepare the public for this possibility, 41
previously classified
reporta vore released for publication betreen
Angust 1952 and February 1953.
These reporte contradicted the
earlior official USAl policy of dismissing the reports as nis
identifications edo. On the other hand, the CIA regarded the summer
UTO actinity as a threat to national security mainly because the
resulting
crowded
communications and defence forces involvement:
lessoned the levol of national alertness against possible oneny ettuck.
A sciontific ponel chaired by Il.P. Robertson was ponvened by
the Office of Solantifio Intolligence of CIA during mid-January 1953
for the purpose of
recommending future action on the UPO problea.
Briefings vore nade both by CIA and USAF. ATIC personnel
showed
tire
then classified two movie filos of UO's and the carly results of
statistical
analyais of 3,200 reports,
Bocouse of the vital lasues
involved,
the
panel
felt centricted to recommending that the
investigation
be continued, but with increased
personnel and equipment,
The USAP responded
promptly with an instruction to comply with these
recommendationa,
6.
The CIA, hovever, in a report dated 16 Pebruary 1953 shoved
a preference to
publicly abandon the inventigation whilst intensifying
the collection of data, By Septenber 1953 the CIA position hed been
largely achieved with Project BLUB BOOK reduced from a staff of ten
qualitied
personnel operating at a top socrat level to a virtually
inactivo project involving one airnen, The investigating component
had been transferred to the. 4602nd Ate Interligence
Service Sguadron
whach was trained in rapid intelligence.
procurement
and
reported to
Air Defence Command and USAP Intolligence Vashington rather than
BLUE BOOK. Direct accoss between the 4602nd ATS9 and all USAP units
was authorized by AFk 2002 whereas previously this privilego had
born given to BLUE BOOK. A1 though onty tho airmon (cirstuclass)
remainod in September 1943, BLUE BOOK was later Duilt up to
officor, one sergeant, one
secretary, and a purt-time consultant
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Dr J. Allen Hynel, Staying at about this lovel until it was closed
down in Decenber 1969, During this time BLUE BOOK sorved mainly
as a means of supplying unclassified summaries of UPO identifications
to the public, and did not form a vital link in collection
serious analysis.
Control of
public awareness of the DEO situation was
Lightened by the issuing of JANAP 146 in 1953 which
prohibited
service
personnel
tron diccussing UPOls by threatening defaulters
with up to 10 yeers gaol and up to a $10, 000 fine.
When service
personnol resigned on retired, however, it was possible to reveal
USAF attitudes o opinions even if actual data vas still restrioted.
In this way many Intelligence Officers associated with the UFO problem,
including Major D. Fournet who wus BLCE BOOK Project Officer at the
Pontogon until late 1952, Coptain E, Ruppelt who headed Project
GRUDGE and Project BLUE BOOK until Septenber 1953 and Admiral
Hillenkoetter ho directed CIA fron its Inception until October 1950,
on retiring from the services, all publioly stoted that the U.S.
Government knew UTO's vere extra-forrestial but was withholding
this laot from
the publie.
8.
When the National Investigation Comittee on Aerial Phenomena
(NICAP) was formed in 1956 to counter the pablioly suppressed USA?
invostigation of UPO's, the first Chairmon was Admiral D.S, Fahrosy
who had directed the Navy's guided missile programme from ita
inception:
Apart from Adniral Millenkoetter, Major Keyhoe and
Major Fournet, other Directors have inclufed Dear Admiral U.B. Kaowies,
General A. Wedeneyer and Col JuJ, Bryan (who was a special assistant
to the Secretary of the fir Forcel. lo reduce the effect of these
and similar defections from official policy after retirementy the
revised JANAP 146E, passed in 1960, made it an offence under the
Espionape Act if data on UFOYs were revealed.
The chance in style of USE reporting before and after the
Robertson panel necting is clearly indicated in the Project BLUE BOOK
Special Report No. 14.
The body of the report propered
batween
March 1952 and eurly 1953, although biased
in favour of a natural
explenation for UPOts, nevertheloss showed nathenstically that the
evidence favoured an explanetion that vas scientifically unknown.
This section of the 316 page report vas not released to the public
other then
a copy to be consulted, assuning the reader knew of
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ito existence.
Publto distribution was mode, hovever, of a so-
called "sunnary" which in fact did pot
summaride, nor scaredly
allude to the 1947-52 deta, but concentrated
on 1953-55 reportina
which was cleurly designed to reduce the residual anknowns to wo
insignificant numbor, no matter how censeless the identification
became.
10.
Withda tho body of the diericult to-obtain report there.
is an interesting diagran, the produet of the estimated
reliability and the report reliability become the sighting
rellability. The percentage of reports that had to be registared
as "unknown* (1.e, Incapable of being eves approximatoly identitiod
as a known objeet) increased
as the sighting relisbility improzod.
Conversely, the percentage listed as "insufticient information"
decreased with improving reliability.
Sighting
Reliability
*
No, of
Reports
Unknown
(5)
Insutticiont
Information
Poor
Doubttul
Good
Excellent
435
794
757
213
16,6
13.0
24.8
33.3
21,4
14.0
3.6
4.2
11.
Throughout the years of the U7O phenomenon,
there has been
@ persistent form of official pronouncements which state that the
percentage of unknovas would be reduced it nove dete vere arailotle*
The above table contradicte that statement.
Reports of excellent
roliability generally sten frou astronomers, pilots, scientista,
surveyoro, noteorologists, rador operators ete. complete with
instrumontad values and
accurately
detailed accounts.
The
introduction
of good reliable reporting prevents the ready pronate
interprotation.
In all probability the overall average percentage
of untovas (19-76) would have been substantially increased if the
data had been more
reliable,
12+
Project BLIC BOOK consultants atatistically tested the
unknown object population to determine the likolihood thet to was
similar to the population of identifiod objects and found that the
probability vas less then one
in 1028 (1,e, using the Anerican
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ito existence.
Publto distribution was mode, hovever, of a so-
called "sunnary" which in fact did pot
summaride, nor scaredly
allude to the 1947-52 deta, but concentrated
on 1953-55 reportina
which was cleurly designed to reduce the residual anknowns to wo
insignificant numbor, no matter how censeless the identification
became.
10.
Withda tho body of the diericult to-obtain report there.
is an interesting diagran, the produet of the estimated
reliability and the report reliability become the sighting
rellability. The percentage of reports that had to be registared
as "unknown* (1.e, Incapable of being eves approximatoly identitiod
as a known objeet) increased
as the sighting relisbility improzod.
Conversely, the percentage listed as "insufticient information"
decreased with improving reliability.
Sighting
Reliability
*
No, of
Reports
Unknown
(5)
Insutticiont
Information
Poor
Doubttul
Good
Excellent
435
794
757
213
16,6
13.0
24.8
33.3
21,4
14.0
3.6
4.2
11.
Throughout the years of the U7O phenomenon,
there has been
@ persistent form of official pronouncements which state that the
percentage of unknovas would be reduced it nove dete vere arailotle*
The above table contradicte that statement.
Reports of excellent
roliability generally sten frou astronomers, pilots, scientista,
surveyoro, noteorologists, rador operators ete. complete with
instrumontad values and
accurately
detailed accounts.
The
introduction
of good reliable reporting prevents the ready pronate
interprotation.
In all probability the overall average percentage
of untovas (19-76) would have been substantially increased if the
data had been more
reliable,
12+
Project BLIC BOOK consultants atatistically tested the
unknown object population to determine the likolihood thet to was
similar to the population of identifiod objects and found that the
probability vas less then one
in 1028 (1,e, using the Anerican
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5.
system, the odds wore ten thousand trillion trillion to one
against the unknowns being the same as the knowns). Since the
consultants had arbitrarily called all green fireballs and short
duration (1,0. less than five seconds) night time sightings as
known
astronomical objects there was an undue preponderance in
that category. Hence, assuming that no astronomical objects were
left in the unknowns, the statistical testa were repeated with
astronomical identifications removed.
The odds were reduced to y
ten triltion trillion
to one. The analysts could not find a way
to reduce thase odds sufficiently further to varrant additional
testing, and irrationally considered the results to be "inconclusive"
13.
While PROJECT BLUE BOOK endeavoured to reduce the official
number of unkrowns - in 1957 they claimed only 14 out of 1,006
sightings remained unidentified - the covert programme expanded
considerably. The government agency (almost certainly CIA) that
had been collecting data on UFO performance and propulsion nethods
during 1948-52
presumably influenced U.S, governmental funding of
certain advanced projects, One project was the Canadian Avro saucer.
A drawing of this saucer released in Cetober 1955, showed a typical
flying disc as described in many UPO reports. The Seoretary of the
Air Force, D.A. Quarles, appeared moderately confident that such
a vehicle vould be successfully developed by the U.S.
14:
A more astounding decision on the part of the U.S. Government
was to allocate considerable fands to investigate gravity and a
means of controlling
gravity. Despite the fact that science had
not attained a level of competence to deal with either gravity or
anti-gravity problems and the only theory that might be applicable
was Einstein's Unified Fiold Theory which was still incomplete at the
time of his death, the U.S. chose to support six universities and
government
agencies in an all-out drive to conquer the problem.
It is significant that at this time the current theories on UFO
propulsion vere a mixture of gravity control end electromagnetie
propulsion.
15.0
During 1955, because insuffioient staff could be recruited
for the project, recourse was made to an urgent appeal for theoretical
physicists and mathematicians from AERE Harwell, U.K. The six
Gravity: Research Centres being established were at the Institute for
Advanced Study (Princeton, N.J.), Princeton University, University
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6.:
of Indiana, Purdue University Research Foundation, University of
Notle Carolina and the Massactusetts Institute ot
through the (Roger Babson) Gravity Research Instibute (New Dostod
N.IL.). The latter institute is a non-perfit organization founded
in 1940 with George N. Rideout as President.
It was believed that
to make a gravity notor, a gravity differential was required shich
necossitated
the discovery of an
dusulalor, deflector or absorber
of gravity. By 1955, 489 essays had been written on this subjeet
and awards totalling
$10,800 made for eriginal contributions.
The scientists
involvod included Teller from Univorsity
of California, Oppenheimer and F.J. Dyson of the Institute of
Advanced Studies, J.A. Wheeler and Richard Arnositt of Princeton,
Vaclay Hlavaty of University of Indiana (sho had worked with
Einstein in Prague) and Stanley Deser.
The objective was to control
gravity.
During 1955 the following firns entered into gravity
and/or electromagnetic programmes:
Glenn L. Nartin Aviation Co.
(specifically De B, Heiro from Goettingen University and Dr I.
Jordan from Nonburg University), Conveir of San Diogo, Boll Aircrale
of Buffalo, Sikorsky Diviston, Lear Inc. of Santa Monica, Clarke
Blectronics of Palm Springs, California, and Spezry Gyzoscope
Division of Great
Neck, Long Island, N.T.
17.
Such an intensive onslaught on the gravity enigma was
entirely irrational from the standroint of conventional science,
and can onty be rationalized within the context. of a firu beliet
that URO's were real
and that the intelligences behind then kaet
hor to. control
gravity,
The drive do harness this power before
the USSI could do so vould be a strong incentive for the U.s.
Government to fully suprort an anti-gravity programne.
By 1966,
46 separate projects of this nature vero being financially supported,
33 of
which vero under the aupervision of the U.S, Air Force,
Although datails of most of these projeots have been kept claaattied
it would appenr that generally tboy have not been successful. Vark
on gravitational waves by J, Weber and his associates under USAS
Cambridge Research Loboratory furiediclion has been reportod
fairly extensively since 1966.
18.
Doring: August of 1965 Project BLUE BOOK rocoived 262
reports which was about six times the average nuber for a month
and was twice any previous month since Novenber 1957. On
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7.
28 Soptenber 1963 Maj. Gen. LeBattly, Director
of
Information,
formally requested
the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board to
reviev Project BLUE BOOk. The revior augsosted that the limited
Project BLUE BOX stote and the official inveatigating officers
did not possess
thio
lechateal competence to property identify
the
phenomena and
that university toans should be appointed to
investigate selectod sightings.
This conclusion. Was
supported.
the Mouse Armed
Servicea Committee which net on April 5U 1966
in the shadow of a pubiio furore consequent
do the USAP ideatifying
the well-publicised Michigen sightings as
being swanp gas.
The
Colarado University wus selected
for die
tack and Dr Edvard U. Gondon
appointed do lead the projoct vith an initial
allocation of $913,000
later raised to $325, 000.
19%
The Colorado project becane discredited ben Dr Condon
stated publicly on 251k January 1967 that Koy attitude right rov
is that there's nothing to it, but l'a not
supposed to seach a
conciusion for another yeha", The revealing of a memorandun
outlining a mothod to teick the peblic,
combined with a general
dissatistiction at Condon's blassed attitude, ted to the diraissal
and resignation of most of the statt oftor most of
the investigations
bad been made but not completely vritten up.
The final report of 963
pages lockod coherence, Condon's conclusions vero of variance with
staff conclusiona, although onty Condon's conclusione were
publicised,
As a resole of the Goodon report, USAP closed down
Project BLUE B00k shortly before the doerican Association
for the
Advanconent of Solence hold @ special meting to counter-act the
efteot of the Condon report.
The Chairan of the Special Coonittor,
Dr Thornton Page, Was
one of the signatories
to the Robertson report.
20.
Dr J. Alien lynek, scienttfic consultant to Project Blue
Book 1948-69, began his association with a conviction that all
sightings could be conventionally explained.
Even though doubta
grex in his mind, he found himself obliged
to suyport ofticial UBAY
publie policy.
Sinco 1966, horever,
he has becone
more outspoken
against the USAl attitude and has assisted to convone both
congressionul hearlogs and scientific sypposia on the subject.
Although tailially
supporting
the Conton Committee lo becane
disillusioned
and
critioal of it with the pasenue of time. It ia
quite clear thot Dr Hyock along
wi th
many othor reputable solentisto
do not accept the USA? explanation of
misidentification, hysteria or
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The Directorate of Air Force Intelligeneo is the componeat
of tho RAl that is zesponsible for the unalysis of all official
reporting of Unidentified Flying Objeeta, At no stago has there
been more than one port-time officer allocated to this took.
Initial
investicotton of reports is often undertaken by a part-time
investigotor from neg-by ate bases,
The RAAP admits that ita
interests
lie solely in
the arco of air defence and it. Lacka both
interest and
competence to conalder the aciontific aspects. A
1957 request for the Scientifto Intelligence section of JIB to accopt
UPO responsibility was rejectod by JIB. In 1968, the Department ot
Ase stated
that il intended "to take up further the question of
Connonxealth departments, evg. Defence, Supply, Edecation and
Science,
Prime Miniater's Department etc, to see whether some other
Commonwealth Agency
is better placed
to assune responsibility for
Unidentáfied Flying Objects. At the same fine we would maintain
our interest in
the
matter aod work with any other Comnonwealth
agency who is considered to be more appropriate as a coordinating
agency for
the Connonwealth as a whole",
There does not arpear to
have been aoy fulfilinent of this intention to seck Commonwealth
ascistance.
2.
In support of the RAP's admission of
scientific disintorost,
an identification list of all sightinga
made between 1960 and 1965
contains 15 identifications of Venus, not one of which is valid.
In every
case Vonus was in a totally different part of the sly or not
above the horizon. Out of 37 meteor identifications, only & could
posalbly be meteors end
even sevoral of those coses would bo doubtful.
Thia off-hand unscientific attitude to identitication did not escape
the nottoe of the
press
or various scientista.
aten
3.
In goneral, the RANP altitude has been guided by the USAT
public releases which were ained at alloying public interest by
denying the reality of UPOts.
Consequently, most of the Australian
reporta vero gives identifications vithout a great concern for
rational correlation. Most investigators and collectors reporded
their UPO tasks as an intrusion into
theft more legitimate tacks,
As a result, there has been
" popligible
scientific analysis of the
data and
most opinions exprosaed by DAVI have been
largely a reflootion
of the tsAr publie attitude. With the precent reducod staff of DAfT
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9:
it is mikely that UPO reports will
recoive any troatment beyond
tiling.
4.
It Australia is to follow the U.S. lead, Instead of
foltowing the public USAP attitude, it would he preferable to
follow the USAP/Ott role of concentrating on gaining a knowledge
of the power
sources involved.
"Horever, 16 may be
preferable to
act independently of the U.S, and initiate a programe that is
scientifically Round and intellectually honest towards unzarelling
the UPO mystory, In such & venture, it may be worthwhile working
somewhat closer to
the public than
fa usul in the U.S, and U.K.
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AIFE
SURQMQL001 08 11.5 - 1610101002
10 1-1-9
Late
24.6.47
6.47
26.7.47
23.9.47
30.12.47
15.1,48
22.1.48
24.7×48
9.48
13.12,48
1.49
2,49
Easant
Arnold aighting of nine "anucera"
creatos public intereste
Investigations initiated bondir technical Intelligence
Contre (ATIo) of kir Matarial Homoand
(AMO, Arny Air Norges)
at Wright Putterson Air Force Dage nent Dayton, Obin,.
Initially Soviet adrieced atrocutt were suspected,
National Socurity Act creates both the USAD and CLA.
ivining (AMl reduested the Gomeander Army Air Forces
to issue an authority, priotily and code name for the
invectigation of "flying disca",
Frelintnany conclusiona
by MIC vero that the phenoncow woze *real
and not Mistonary
or frolitiou",
thist the objents vore
mostly discushaped
of man-made aireraft and vere intolligentir
Any U.f. atteapt to desigo nircraft of similax
performance would be costly, fire-consuing and
de trimer. tal
to other prejecto.
Inventigatinns by AMD Would
pending furthet advice.
Authority given to AJC to Investigate
the phenomena on a
priority 2A basis undor the codo-none Project Sign.
Minimum olensification wus Rentejeted, teports vere to be
made quarterly and data exchanged with interested
parties,
USAY
officially a separate
service.
Project Sign starts offtcially.
Nose-collision betucoa DOD and Uro
propt MUC to write
an Batiante
of the Situation,
The Top Secret Batinate was forvarded to the Pentagon.
conclusion that U80's eve of interolanetary origin was not
accoptable to the Air. Force Chint of Staff (tenerel Vandenbergl
Insiated on denonstrable proof not circumstautial
ATLO voo voible to provide UTO hardvare or
detafled phetographs:
De J.E. Lipp of the fand Corporation copliod to the Director
or Resdarch
and Dovelorment,
USAD,
that if the flying objects
xere inter-planetory they Mould most likely originate from
Mars although intelligent life as we know it would "be more
occunted vita aurvival than we are on Harth".
Our present
technolozy ennot tonbeive as to bos ao.
inter-stoller race
could reach Bartb, even thougb it is conceded that tbere ib
a high probabitity that totolligent lifo does exist within
say 16 light-yeors Fron Carth.
USAY orders Project Siga to bocone Project Grudge which
should
terminato botore
the end of 1919.
Pinal report
Intelligence
of Projeat Sion (00-2274-1A of the Technical
Division ANO)
rocommended that orly n
minimum effort bo devoted to recording.
Analysior and
evaluating reports, but on the otber hand where lectual
National Archives of Australia
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━ PAGE 16 ━
evidence
as photogcaptie,
rador, pligrotcol evidenor
involved, overy ettort
made to collect Wits evidenco.
Radio alerts to
other nilitazy uita
be mode.
17,0:49
Frojoot Sign officially becomes Project Grudge.
According
10
Sigo personnel
either volunteorod
loove or
wete
compelled to leave,
after bich they were replaced by
porsonnel
willing to ridicule the concept of UOts,
During
1909, Grudge
personnel did not follow up reports.
8.49
Socret Technical Report No.
100: AO 49/15-100 "Unilertified
Flying Objects • Project. Grudge"of about
600 paged issued,
conclusion that
all reporte were the fooutt of
misidentifications,
mass hysterta and hoaxes even thou
admit to 230 of the roporta
"unknown".
report was declassified 1 Anguat 1952k
27.12.49
Departuent of Defense news rolese stoted that the dir Foreo'a
flying Anucer project had
boon torminatad,
3.50
PubLication of a report, provously cleared by
the U.8.
desertbing
Are tanners loan in no the bute Sona (ote)
tre trocking of a UPO by on official team
proving ground.
Pron the trooking dato, At was concluded
that the UTO roquirod an extraterrestial
origin.
14.9.51
On leaning
that AMC vhs not investigating
UPO reports,
the UBAF Director of Intellignice (General
Cabe 11) ondered
Project Grudge to bo revitul/ond.
This was acted upon at onon.
27-10.51
3.52
Project Grudge nos beaded by Copt. Rappelt,
Project Grudge renamed Projood Blue Book.
By thia stage
this
staff had buttt up to 10,
nil with Top
Beerat
cifarances.und
o highly qualifiod rosearch group of consultante providod
expertise.
As hard of Froject Storky this rescorch groug
is a possibility) started to transaribe data onto
ISM cards
for future
analya 18.
29:4.52
Air Force Letter 200-5 ordered all USAf units to wire. UPO
Rue to rest to lie to mey an erness
Projecti
permitted. 6o
contact any VIAl unit
aarontly,
allowing tirpid taves ligation.
Judo-Aug.52
During 1948-51 the average mostlily nudber
reports was 15
but doctor furo. Joly
337 inoluding
336 during
in creatur nunbers,
widocases,
Heecer Commission plants
end defence anita vure sublected to close
Defence cummunications were
Leine overlouted
fears that V.S, roaotion
bino: mainst
action was
19/26.7.52
Too dories of endar visunl
sightinga
over Washington National
the Capitol
Waste Bause
electri toad
the natton.
As a result of the unsurge
of interest in
Eatentitte and
military eireles;
interplimetary lipothosts: goined
despite officint
explain. even
the sightingo.
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━ PAGE 17 ━
21,8.52
USAP atarted releasing AlIC
reports to
Major Keybae,
mexpeated
publoation,
completely
of policy+
The contonts
these toronto
refuted the public pronomoments made by
the USAY.
exptain the washington sightings
as due to anodaloua
propagation could not be
21,L1,92
CIA arzanged four poverument scientiato ta neot at ATTO
for three days as a proliminary rovter panel to deside on
recommendations for a hichor-lovel panel of ate
scientiela.
14/17.1.53
16.2,59
The Office of Scientific Intolligence,
OXA, convened ir
Vashington
D-G. 0 panel of
sedentista,
Robertson (Chairman), Luis Alvaroz, loyd Berkoer,
A, Goudemit,
Thornten Toge and one
days of cridence,
tro-poge secred report that was
day, concluded
thete was no
thrent to nattonal
indirect threat to Xthe orderly functioning
the protective
organs of the body politic",
natioral securtly agencies
apecial statua
public accordingly.
#otrip the
030*g of flic
to educate the
CIA Jesund a largor but
secret reporo
on
tibe
neuting:
summorising the cight bolf-day
sossions
mentore: todividual
viewpotats,
and outlining panel
The lacke of
arti toots
6 1
cleer extra-terrestial
origin was a atrong
argument agufust
acceptance of flie
extru-terroatial hypotheats,
Tho
panic)
agnood with. CIA consoro
that enemy artifpota may be
misidentitied by V.B. Heteneo
personnel, that
ones genear
reporttna
abansets be overloaded
and that the publio may
becono vulnorablo
to enemy psychological
pubiie
should be educatod lo recognise balloons, beteore uto. and
a polley of
"debunting"
be introduced in order
reduce public intorest.
"trainiog and debunking"
programe would be required for a mindou of one
half
to two years".
"Soma expansion of the AliC effort
would cortainly bo
arquirod to support such a programmo",
A protesional stutt
of l2 aupported by an admintatzalive
staff was sussoslod,
* 53
Section lIl,
Titio 18 of the Joint Army, Navy und Air Forec
Publication
(JANAD 146) logislated that service, personnel
talking about UPO sightings vore liable
an/or a Fine of up
to 610,009.
26.8.53
Air Force Roamtation: (Aft 200-2)
authority fros Project Blue Book
7 BaD 0 8
investigation
in favour of
the Air
Defence
Command's 1602 Air: Intelligence Senrico Squadron,
a unit dispersed prex dron commando, and tradoed both for
rapid access to remote arous
and to interrogate enoug
personnel.
The Ate Force conuires immed late reporting
evaluate the throod, and destited reporting to
092182
techniosl analysis.
Ala seatton conorts one
to ba sent
to USAP Intelligonce in Vashington, natoland reports first
going
to Air Dofemso Comoand for distribution to
"interestod
fovea Ligative anemotes"
Eloctrical reporte are addressed
to both those hondavarters and to ANIC.
The subtle is to
be inforaed of the
results of individuel esses only thin
"the pujeet is positivoly identified nei
a familiar
National Archives of Australia
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━ PAGE 18 ━
9,53
1,12.53
17,2.54
15-5-54
10.6.54
2.2.55
23.8.55
25.10,35
Hendquarters USAP wil1
Telepse cunaries of eralvated
public.
Nice the hand or tragues blue Beck doreedyth
the statf was
reducod to just one sireno (Cirotelasa).
instruentation plans haa been neguted excopl for
diffraction camoras Wich bad boon
shown to be uselesn*
The distribution of 079 diCtraction-prating caneras
(200 to V.S,
bases
75 to ovorsena: bases)
completed.
Airlie pilots at a nooting at the Roosevelt Hotel,
Hol Tywood
were coerced by military intolligence vaing
JAXAP 146 to agree
infozainp the pubite of their
sightings, and confine their cozorting to oftiedal channela.
USAT Chief of Staff, Gonoral Nathan Trining,
stated "Tho
are working on
this proviem
t Eradentitded Elvine Obnecta
trying to solve this
Twining, was
not roferring to Projeot
Blue Book.
Deputy Conmender of Tatelligenor at ATIC, Coton t 0 Mura,
stated that more than a thousand
people were working on
the problem.
Willian I. Lear, Cboirmon
of tour Ine.,
that because of flying snucord, serioua efforte vere being
mado in the U.S. to
the «xistendo of anti-gravitationel
foices.
Revealod
that the U.S.
Coveronent had Caken over the
Canadian Avzo
• Clying
saucer?
profeet.
Thíe vas
a circular
acrofoil povered
dels and
desigood
vertically.
hover,
travel at
1500
to Sake-oft and
Land
mple: and change
dardo bion
rapidly.
Tho dosign specificationg
for pertormnnce and
shape were eleurly
• Wirectly related
to UNO raponting.
project was storted to 1951-32 and in 1954 after B400,000
bad been
Spont,
the Gonadian Governaent withdrey its
financial
bucking.
Mhas the U.S. assumed contest orer the
projeet 1t laposed a bigh tocol of
seourity; provooting
over Canadion officials fron inspecting the preuáses.
the press release meetinn on 29 October 1995 fer the
Special
Report No. 14, photographs of a droving of the proposed
verston showed
a pical flying diso.
Roleano of Project Blue: Roole Spectal Heport No.
14 dated
§ May 1955.
oriptunaly couptted by Fioject
Blue: Bock nescarch
out
Who analyaot 3,200 raporte
of: 4,000
et 1992.
were taed
nas been added dealine mainly with cho 3933665 00x500 490
dismisalag OROra as noidly niaidentifications.
The more
uncomfortable conclusions of the maia report vere concealed.
Only: 100 copied of the min report vote diatrtbuted se a
rostrioted don-pubiio basis (the ooty Austration come vis
destroyed by the BAXF to 1950) harona
copies of
thud
misleading "sonnary" vore Creoly available to proes and
publie.
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━ PAGE 19 ━
5.
14.50
Diost sant lized
version of lobertson (short)
tapont
Nel assod.
24.12.59
Insector-General of
dir Force circulates classified
*U0A Borious Busineas" in to
edtart to eftmulate and
inprone
the reporting of WhOle.
Investigating officer
BREE
to be equippod with poiser counters as vell as a camora.
binoculars
and anapling conteiners,
+ 60
28.9,65
3.2.66
5.4.66
0.6.65
20.6.66
19.9.66
6,10.66
29. 7.69
8.1,69
+ 69
TAXAP 116E invokes espionago
lavs to prevent the resting
of BP0 data.
Following
the Auguat peak
of UFO activity,
the USAN 0f1 1ee
of Informotion roguests a teviev of
Zroject Blue Book:
OSXP Setentifie Advisory Board Ad
Hoc
Cornd thee
Project
Blue Bonk:
Although the domittee considered nood
unidentifiede vero due to inadequate analysin,
they also
secused. Blue book 01 10chttv1nz
objects
Taken tiro evidenco
collectoil vos too monore or too indotinite"
It vaa
recommended that (nivernity contracte be made und that
sedentifically toxined inroctivators be used.
V.B. Congress House Connifted on Armed
Servicos necoonende
that Project Blue Dook leports Do investigated by Volverity
contract.
Die Mc Donald
reads
Robertoon (complete) report which had been:
doclaspitted under
year rule.
Rovertson roport reclassified. Second
sant Vined
veraton
issued.
APR 80m17 roplaces ATR 200-2 and transfere responsibility
from: Intelligance to Research and Developaent.
Pura 12(0)
ato tes "Mir
Tasee echelons recolving ruspected or detoal
UPO material will safeguard
to prevent
ony detecing or
altezations
which
might reduce
its value
for intelligence
exemination and
Contract signed with. Colorado
Univorsity,
U.S. Conaress House Committeo
• en Setence and Astronautics
held a onc-day apoposiuo
9a U00*s
ab
Which anny prominent
sotentiats tootified in fovour of VlO%o beine
real sund
reguiring
international
invaligation.
Candon roport published.
Condon's conclusions
wOrS
not
supported
by the staff conclusions,
J. Allen Myaotoe contract as Seientific Consultent on UT0te
the UBAS
Project Blue
Book wais
renewed (otter 21 sours)
17: 12.69
Project Blue Dook elosod
down,
26/31, 12,69 The American Association
for the Advancement
ot Seionee
Boston to discuss
URO's.
Ono cutcoco
was a revolution
apposling
for Blue Bool data to be relenact.
National Archives of Australia
NAA: A13693, 3092/2/000