65_HS1-834228961_62-HQ-83894_Serial_130

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CONFIDENTIAL 62- 83894-130 DECLASSIFIED Authority: NND 90986 IN REPLY REFER TO: HEADQUARTERS AIR DEFENSE COMMAND MITCHEL FIELD, NEW YORK 12 September 1947 SUBJECT: Unidentified Flying Objeot (Interview - Alpheus 0. Powell) SUMMARY OF INPORMATION: The following information was received 12 August 1947 from Mr. Alpheus 0. Powell, 28 Redwood Road, New Hyde Park, Long Island, relative to the sighting of a possible flying dise 4 August 1947• On 4 August 1947, Mr Powell, an Airlines Captain with Pan American Airways, Inc., was the first pilot of a Constellation type airoraft on a flight from Gander, Newfoundland, to La Guardia Pield, New Tork. Mr. Powell took over the aircraft at Gander, Newfoundland and departed at approximately 1230 P.M., Eastern Daylight Saving Time for La Guardia Fleld, New York. At 1600 P.M., at a position approxinately midway between the Everett (lass) Pan Marker and the Bedford Radio Beacon (Everett is 3 miles NW of Boston, Mass.. and Bedford is 15 miles NW of the same oity) both Nr Powell and Mr W. Thite, navigator on this trip, sighted unidentifiable flying objeets. To the beat of Mr. Powell's Inowledge, the following weather conditions existed at that times Visibility was good; cloud coverage was from 6-8/10ths, with tops at 10,000 feet; end the wind at the 8,000 foot level was estimated as being 270/25 miles per hour, The aircraft was at 8,000 feet; airspeed 265 mph: and the course was 244 degrees, magnetic. Mr White, who was sitting in the co-pilots seat (the right side of the cockpit) first called Mr. Powell'a attention to a bright orange objeot,. which was on the right side of the plane, and slightly below the level of the aireraft. Mr Powell was unable to see the object, as he had no visibility to the right and down, from his position. Mr Powell immediately Glanced out his side window and noticed, at a 45º angle to the loft, and identified flying It was about one mile away at an altitude of approximately 7,800 feet. Mr Powell banked to obtain a better view of the object, The object was under observation for approximately 30 seconds, and during this time was viewed by Mr Powell, Mr Powell described the object as being about the length of a P-40 fuselage, blunt at both ends, eylindrical in shape, and having a bright orange hue. Mr Powell stated that the object had a definite shape, and that there was no suggestion of gaseous dissipation as there would be if the orange color were the exhaust from a rocket, or a jet airoraft. Mr Powell estimated the course of the objeet to be 200º magnetic, and that the objeet was travelling at approximately 160 mph. Mr Powell lost sight of the object, when a cloud oame between the aircraft and the object. The pursuit of the object was not continued, inasmuch an it would have necessitated a departure from the established airways. al5os 25131 Sиcеuг CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL IN REPLY REFER TO: HEADQUARTERS AIR DEFENSE COMMAND MITCHEL FIELD, NEW YORK 15 September 1947 SUBJECT: Unidentified Flying Objects (Interview - Walter I. Whito) SUMMARY OR INPORMATION: The following information relative to the sighting of a possible flying diso 4 August 1947, was recoived 10 September 1947 from Mr. Walter I. White, 19-57 79th Street, Jackson Heights, New Tork. On 4 August 1947, Mr. White, Pan American Airways Ino., wes the navigator of a Constellation type airoraft on a flight from Gander, New- foundland to La Guardia Field, New York. At 1600, at a position approxi- mately 10 miles NT of Boston, Mass., Mr Thite sighted a flying objeet which he was unable to identify. At this time Mr White was sitting in the co- pilots seat, and looking out the right side for other aireraft that might be in the vicinity. Mr White stated that when he first sighted the object. It appared to be about 3 miles away, and at least 1,000 feet below the level of the Constellation. Mr White belleves that he studied the objeet for almost 30 seconds before he elled the pilot's attention to it. Mr White deseribed the object as being a deep gold in color, and that ital surface reflected It appeared to be about 15 feot in length, and from 2-3 feet in depth; elliptical in shape and blunted at the ends. Mr white estimated the speed of the objeot as being 175 miles per hour, and that it was travelling in on eust- orly direction, on a course of approxinately 110° magaetie. Mr White then told the aireraft commander that there was an unidentified object to the right, and again glanced out to observe the object, oatching a momentary glimpse of it before the pilot banked the plane to the left. Then the afroraft banked Me White lost sight of the objaat. At thia point, Mr Powell, the aireraft Captain, exclaimed that he was able to see a similar objeet on his side. Mr White was unsble to see the object on Mr Powell's side. He stated that he does not believe that it was the sane objeot that he had viewed inasmuch as the one he saw if it had remained on the same course would have been hidden from view by that time by the wage and tail seotion of the Constella- tion. Mr White stated that the pilot then righted the plane. The entire in- oldent transpired in less than a miaute and one-half. Mr White deseribes then woatheticondition at the time of sightings as follows, about 5/10th scattered cumulus, with tops at 10,000 feet; visibility 10 miles; wind at flight level, lest at about 15 mph. The flight level of the aireraft et this time was 8,000 feet, TAS 270, and the magnetle course was ST. AGSUTS JOTES, Mr Walter I. White haggbeen employed by Pan Amerioan Airways for the past five years as a Navigator, and during the war worked with PAA CONFIDENTIAL d

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CONFIDENTIAL in conjunction with contract flying for the AAP. Mr White states that he has flow with Mr Powell on a number of occasions, and he considers him to be a very stable persons completely reliable, and not given to "flights of fancy", Related Report: See Summary of Information, 12 September 1947. Hg ADC, subject, "Unidentified Flying Objects" (interview - Alphaus 0. Powell). Previous Distribution: - None Distribution - ARF (5 copie) - ADC (2 copies) Evaluation source of information done CONFIDINTIAL

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ONFIDENTIAL AGENTS NOTES: Mr. A. O. Powell is a graduate of the Aviation Cadet Flying Training Program, having graduated from Maxwell Field, Alabana, with the Class of 41-C• Since graduation, Mr. Powell has flown for Pan American Airways end, at this date, has over 4,000 command pilot hours to his eredit. Mr. Powell appears to be a calm, intelligent individual, not given to flights of faney, or easily swayed by what he has previously read in the newspapers as regards reports of this typo. Mr. Powell has a fear of publi- city and seemed hesitant to even tell his story lest he become the object of ridicule. Mr Powell was questioned as to the possibility that what he sighted might have been a tow target, a pilot balloon, or a radiosonio device used for meteorologieal purposes. Mr Powell stated that he has seen numerous pilot balloons, radiosonic devices and tow targets, while on flights, the ob jeot observed on this flight definitely was not one of them. Evaluation Previous Distributions - None Distribution - AAF (3 copies) - ADC (2 copies) of source of information 3 dime CONFIDI AL

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RISTRIOTID „BASIO: Itr. HQ. BARTD, Birminghen ANT, Birminghen, Ale., ata & July 47, subj: Report on Local "Flying Disc." lat Ind. D. 319.168 Y HEADQUARTERS, FOURTERNTH AIR FORCI, Orlando, Morida, UL 211947 TO: Commending General, Alr Defense Command, Mitchel Meld, New Jork, 1. Forvarded for information of your Headquarters. This Headquarters has made no investigation of "ying Diac" reports because this 1s an isolated case. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERAL: 3 Incle: n/c Colonel, AGD Asst, Adje Gen 92715 24-6 1947 RISTRICTED 2

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62-83894-130

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RESTRICTED HIDA DO UART ERS BIRMINGHAM AIR RESERVE TRAINING DETACHMENT BIRMINGHAM ARMY UR FIELD Birmingham, AJabama 1/3 00/010 & July 1047 SUBJECT: Report on Local "Flying Dise" TO : 7795 Commanding Genere 1 Pourtoenth Air Force, 1D0 Crlando, Florida Attn: 4-2 asso, milan to ricort a nobodier satan in their reno of Sunday, 6 July 1017. 2. Attention is invited to the two light apots on the print end the light trail following the two discs. The arronet the top of the photograph indicates the direction of fli ht. This has been examined by professional photographers in Birminghen and their general opinion is that the two spots shown on the light trail Jere no flawsin the negative, but instead, an actual photograph of mysterious dise. 3. The undersigned officor did not personally witness the flight of any disc, however, in view of the numerous reports recoi ed fron the nationa na than it to one con not dare name that lo a statement made by the only military personnel of this organization who perconally witnesed the flight of the mysterious dise. nor sadi- tional information attached as Inolosure number three nro cliprings cror one of the local newsrepers giving an a cecuat of the mony percas uno re- ported seeing the mny mystoricus objects. 4. The intelligence ofticor of the Mabera lilitory Distriot has forwarded a similar re ort through ground force channels to the Commanding General, Third Army, Atlante 3, Georgia. ache white HIT 3 Incls. 1. Photogragh 2. Statement 3. Clippings Major, Air Corps Commend in g RESTRICTED 711 319 11/674

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RES CTE Report on Local "Flying Diac" D333.5 ID (8 Jul 47) 2nd Ind HQ., AIR DEFENSE COMMAND, Mitchel Field, New York, 25 July 1947. TO: Connanding General, Army Air Forces, Washington 25, D. C. ATIN: AC/AS-2 Forwarded for your information. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERAL: 3 Incla: n/ c 2 tomi le Colonel, GSC Asst Chief of Staff-Intell. d.

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sce /30 n Nems 62-83894 - 130 THE WEA *Furnished by the U, S. Weather For Birmingham and Vicinity- Partly cloudy and warm today, to- night and tomorrow with a scattered showers this afternoon. High today 86, low tonight 70, high tomorrow 90. PRICE: 5 CENTS Flying Saucers Reported From 39 States, But Seem To Be Concentrated Here City Is Baffled By Dazzling Display Of Spooky Discs The strange things that have been in night skies since June 25, were over Birmingham last night. On one thing everyone who has seen the mysterious objects agree -they are round, saucer-like. After that, every story differs. Each of the hundreds of callers who re- ported witnessing the baffling sky demonstrations here last night had a different version of what they saw. Some said the objects were large, some small. They were mov- ing at great speed. They were sus- pended in the air. There was sound along with their movements. They moved noiselessly through the black sky. They were at great distance from the earth. They had fallen to the ground. They were in perfect formation. They were colliding with each other. But whatever the things are that have set the nation agog since first reported 12 days ago by a man in Washington State, they definitely were over the Magic City last night. It seems, in fact, that more Bir mingham residents saw the objects than in any other place. ** REPORTS BEGAN coming into the Age-Herald eity room around 8 o'clock last night. For more than an hour thereafter, the place was bedlam. The switchboard operators were swamped with calls. Report- ers, office boys, copy readers- CAMERA HERE CATCHES "FLYING SAUCER"-Robert Cross- land, Age-Herald copy reader, has camera proof that the much-dis- cussed flying discs were over Birmingham last night. The picture above was made by Mr. Crossland at 8:37 p.m. last night at his home at 29th. Street and Highland Avenue. He said he gave the film la 15-second exposure. sie 130 everyone in the place was called into action. Reports came in from Edgewood, Mountain Brook, Avondale, South- side, Fairfield, Pratt City, West End, Central Park, Bessemer. There was fear, excitement, hor- ror, skepticism in the voftes. One can the ob

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5_ THE BIRMINGHAM NEWS Mysterious Flying Saucers Reported In Birmingham Skies Continued From Page 1 Although the reports to The Age- Herald last night dwindled off at about 9 p.m., there was a final call from a man at 10, saying he had seen the objects over the south. eastern section. This morning, there were more reports, more queries coming into The News. Maj. White issued a message to Birmingham residents: "We'll do everything the Army Air Forces is empowered to do to run down the mystery of the discs. This thing seems to have gotten beyond the point of, speculation. Birmingham can rest assured the air base will keep on the alert until the mys- tery is settled." man admitted baving jects several weeks ago "but was ashamed to tell my wife." Whatever it is going on in the night skies, it has the entire nation in a dither. The flying discs have eclipsed every other national and international event in the minds of the American people. Broadcasts from England last night said the Britishers were scoffing at the story. But when persons in 30-odd states have reported seeing the ob- jects, there must be something to the story. Birmingham police headquarters was flooded with calls, too, last night. So was the Weather Bureau, the control tower at the airport, air- line officers, At the Birmingham Army Air- field, Maj. Jack C. White, com- mandant, ordered an alert and dis- patched a plane to fly around the eity. The plane, with Lt. L. S. Rob- inson at the controls, circled the city for an hour and 15 minutes at from 4,000 to 5,000 feet. He was un- Pable to report any unnatural ob- jeets. Scientists indicate that the ob- jects are merely tricks of the eyes. In fact, Howard Blakeslee, Associ- ated Press scientific writer, has stated he has seen similar objects from his home on Long Island for many years and associated no. mys tery with them. They are a combi- nation of eye and light tricks, is.. his answer. Turn to Page 5, Column 1

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MONDAY, JULY 7, 1947 RADIO-GUIDED, SAYS LAD "I'd like to give my opinion about what the flying saucers really! are," Michael Eisman, 10, told The News this morn- "The grammar school youth, in the fifth grade and going o1 to the sixth" at Crestin Heights School, eagerly gave his theory. "They are new radio-guided rocket discs from another country that is planning war on the United States," he said. "They are cameras. They ' guided back to their home anyone from seeing to get their pietures young Eisman. biggest cotton gin. the West Coast. at 4 Clarendon Road.

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Charles F. Bradley, • Birmingham weather man, said he did not believe the spectacle was a weather phe- nomena, "I have instructed my staff to be on the alert for any in- into its the lying saucers, rushed "I saw the land- formation they might gather on the ing lights of a DC-3'and 17 light- matter. he said. GREATEST EXCITEMENT of ning bugs," he reported. Mrs. James Bain, 1225 South 29th the evening came when a man re- Street, saw three discs traveling ported some of the discs had faller from east to west. Two more were in a ravine near Avonwood. A re portes ends photographer went to spotted later, followed by a single disc, as neighbors gathered. scenes-and found nothing. Residents of the district said the J. L. Kardus, 2100 Clanton Street, discs had passed low and appeared Bessemer, reported seeing "strange to have fallen in the trees. lights" moving through the sky be- Robert Crossland, Age-Herald tween Bessemer and Red Mountain copy reader, rushed for his camera "They were going very fast." he when the objects passed over his said. residence on 29th Street and High- ** * land Avenue. His developed film "Whirling saucers" were reported revealed two round, white spots on seen by Dan, Smirl, 14, 1429 10th the black, elose together, one large Place, South, men Marviouhero, We er than the other. He said he gave 626 10th Avenue. the picture a 15-second exposure. weren't looking for them," the boys Five other persons were with him reported. "We were standing in the when the picture was made. when we saw round silver But witnesses aren't needed any Yashes cireling around. They came longer to bear out reports of the one at a time at first, then the num- strange demonstration. Too many ber increased. They seemed to go persons good, solid citizens have over the mountain. seen the things. In fact, they're ** thinking of calling the show out at At police headquarters, Officer p. E. McNeal said reports of the Munger Bowl tonight, "The Disc- light Opera." discs began at 8:10 p.m. and ceased about 20 minutes later. Scores Of People Report * "Streaks of light flying very slow" were reported seen by Mrs. Seeing Mysterious Discs H. M. Sockwell, 1360 Meadow Lane Residents of East Lake, South- Green Acres. She said she rushed side, West End, Woodlawn and Bes- into her yard as soon as she heard semer reported seeing the flying the report on the radio. She and discs or saucers last night. One disc her husband and five neighbors saw was reported seen yesterday after- six of the discs flying "fairly low." noon over the Warrior River. The She said they were the size of a number seen at one time varied. *** Nine of the discs were seen br Connie Murdoch, 512 South 10th Court. "They were gobs of light moving around the sky," she re- ported. **. H. E. Reagor, 1318 45th Street, said he and neighbors saw "40 or 50" light spots in the sky, apparent- ly over the Central Park Airport area. *** One resident of East Lake, hear "BIG AS TABLES" "I called to find out it Im crazy," said Mrs. Gordon Mize, of the Bessemer Super-High- way, who telephoned The News this morning to repor$ seeing mysterious flying discs. Mrs. Mize said she and her husband and their hosts saw the "balls of fire" as they pre- pared to get into their after a visit with Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Bush at Brighton, be- tween 9:30 and 10 last night. She said the flash lights, which appeared as beacon lights coming over a hill, came from the direction, of Besse- mer. The lights would come at lightning speed and then stop dead still and hang in the sky they said. Then they would dart off again, some returning in the direction of Bessemer and some going on. Some would circle. Others would pass each other and scarcely avoid collision. "They were about as large as my dining room table," she said. baseball and traveled in a "big curve from southwest to southeast. The saucers came at intervals of about five seconds.

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A citizen of Fairueld Hignlands said the flying discs came over his residence at a speed of about 1,500 miles an hour. "They would go in Mr. and-Mrs. J. R. Martin and Mr opposite directions, stop, and bump and Mrs. Frank Arnold. 732 47th into each other, ." he reported. Way, South. "Some of them went as fast as. bullets, while others Gene Plumstead, program man- floated around. They were the size ager of WSGN, reported the flying of an automobile tire." ** discs over Edgewood Lake. Mr. and Mrs. William Howell, J. A. Hafner, 3301 Avenue , Ens- 1004 Bast Court, South, reported ley, said the lights appeared like a seeing 11 discs about 8:30 a.m. spot thrown by a huge searchlight. He said, however, he could see no "About 15 of them passed over our house shortly before 8." said beam such as would come from a Mrs. Helen Mallory. 1404 North searchlight. 12th Court. Mrs. Mallory said the A number *f" "white round objects were first sighted by her things" were seen in the skies over son, Milo, who called the rest of West End by Mrs. Alfred Hack- the family. "They looked like a barth, 1760 McMillan Avenue. flash of light that went by in such ... a hurry you couldn't describe it," L. M. Cadenhead, 2000 48th she said. Street, Central Park, saw the lighta . * over Powderly, * . Frank S. Lovelace, policeman for the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Rail. They looked like saucers," said road Company, reported seeing eight or 10 of the objects. "They looked about the saee audisapane he said. southeast and whirled around sev- eral minutes." ... S-Sgt. I. Li. Livingston, of the Bir- mingham Army Airfield, observed dises from his Green Acres residence. "They were going zig- zag from Bast to West," he said. R. H. VAUGHN, III, who served as an anti-aircraft gunner in Bu- rope, saw the "flying saucer" dis- play with his father from their home in Ensley Highlands. "I never shot at anything moving as rapidly as they were." he said. Vaughn be- lieves the "discs" are some sort of natural phenomena, like the Aurora Borealis. *** Jimmy Dewberry, 11, of 1030 16th Avenue. South, said he saw a "fly. ing saucer" while visiting at his grandmother's on South. 14th Avenue, "It looked like a shooting star." Jimmy said, "but it was too low for that. It had a long red tail." Searchlight Reflection Theory Is Advanced The mysterious "lying discs" ob- served in Birmingham last night may be a carnival beacon light at Siluria, about 20 miles south of Bir- mingham. That was a solution offered this morning by William B. Hayes, of the Reconstruction Finance Corpo- ration in the Comer Building here. Mr. Hayes, who served inthe Army in the Pacific, said he and others there had seen similar sights throughout the South Pacific is- lands caused by searchlights. He based his theory on high over- cast skies last night and said the beacon at the Siluria carnival prob ably struck the high clouds and gave the indication of being "Dying saucers." Mr. Hayes is a pilot.

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RESTRICTED S-m-A-T-M-E-N-T I, Staff Sergeant Ira L. Livingston, RA 14 153 972, Air Corps, have approximately 250 hours flying time as oilot and Armorer Gunner have the following statement to make concerning the appearence of "Plying Discs" in the vicinity of Birmingham, Alabema. At 2045 hours, 6 July 1947, while I was eatine sumper at my residence at 1354 Meadow Lane, Green Acres, Birmingham, Alabama, my next door neighbor, Mr. Herman M. Sookwell, called for me to come to the front door that there were some "Flying Dises" outside. Immediately I went out in the front yard to observe the objects. The objects nopeared to the West of Birmingham traveling in a South Tastern direction. They apoeared to be amoroximately 2000 feet above the horizon at a 15 degree angle from where I was standing at an un- at an estimated.speed of five (5) to six (6) hundred miles ver hour. The objects or object apoenred to be traveling in a definite are rather than straight and as soon as one was out of sight another would appear behind it, but not alweys in the same path. I saw one that seemed to come straight up. The view of where it ceme fron was obstructed by a nearby house; and when it reached the altitude of soproximately 2000feet, it started off in the same direction as the others. I did not at any time see any more than one at the time and even though there could have been only one, my person! belief is that there were seven (7) to ten (10). The Discs were silent and appeared to be composed of a single light. Ana d. frigilar Ira L. Livingston Steff Sergeant, RA 14 153 972 Subscribed end sworn to before me this 7th day of July 1947. Asst Adj. RESTRICTED

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CONFIE AL HEADQUARTERS, NEWFOUNDLAND BASE COMMAND • FORT PEPPERRELL, NEWFOUNDLAND RESTRICTED TO VISION, AIR TRANSMORT COMMANO APO 862,% POSTMASTER, NEW YORK, M. Y. flair destitut Changed to IN REPLY REFER NBC. 30 Jnly 1941 (Name) • (Rank) NIX-7- 10 / 313,3 /edb SUBJBOT: Lotter of Trenamittal, TO Commanding General, Atlantie Division, ATC, Fort Totten, Long Island, N. Y. (ATTENTION: AC/S, Intelligence) Reference Latter of Trenmittal, this offloe, dated 28 July 1947, w1th four (4) inolosures (Inclosures 1, 2 and 3, Final Reporte of Sightinge of "flying neucera", and Incloture 4, Signed Statement - Con- stable. KRARSEY), transmitted herewith in Final Report of Sighting of "flying saucers" in Newfoundland, which ocourred at Harmon Field, Stephen ville, Newfoundlend at 03452, 23 July 1947. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERALS 1 Inels Final Rpt of Sighting, 23 Jul 47 Marion C. Miller MARION C. MILLER, Captain, A1r Corps, AG/S, Intelligence. Ist Indo HD, ATLANTIC DIVISION, ATC, FORT TOTTEN, L.I., NEW YORK 6 Aug 47 TO: Connanding General, Air Transport Conmand, Washington 25, D.C. ATIN: Chief of Staff Forwarded in accordance with instructions outlined in TIX Cl-95, your Headquarters. Incl: n/c ити. BREWS TE GSC 1t/5, Intel 1 enco JR RESTRICTED

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4 CONEIENVAL RESTRICTE PAI REPORT OF STAHTINGDES a bring du - 42 1. Organizations 1388th AAF Base Unit APO 86h, c/o Postmaster, New York, N, I. 2. S1ghting Strange intermittent flashes that may tie in with "Flying Disca". 3. Place Harmon Field, Stephenville, Newfoundland. 4. Time : 03452, 23 July 1947. 5. Altitude : Approximately 10,000 feet high. 6. Weather : High scattered condition; visibility better then fifteen (15) miles. 7. Heading / From South, heading NNE (approximately 30º ) 8. Speed : High velocity; stated to be faster than a conventional airplane. 9. Description: The observers saw a light which at first appeared to be a shooting star or airplane. It appeared again, and a mumber of intermittant flashes were seen for a period of approximately three (3) minutes. The flashes were reddish in color. Observers said it was not a falling star because it did not appear as such; nor was it an airplane, because manoeuvers were too abrupt and there was no noise of a motor. 10. Reported by: Miss Patricia Abbott, (Newfoundland National) Government Employee and Lt. Harmaker, Navigator and Public Relat- ions Officer. 11. General: The informants (noted in Par. 10) were walking when they noticed a peculiar reddish light. Both Miss Abbott and Lt. Hammaker stated that at first, they thought it was a falling star, but if left no streak. It appeared again; they thought it might be a plane flying at a very high altitude. After observing its menoeuvers, they concluded, because of the silence (no hun of motor) and abrupt darts of the light, it was definately not an airplane. Neither Miss Abbott nor It. Hammaker hal seen anything like it before. RESTRICTED ним WITALIAM H. SKITH Captain, Air Corps, Intelligence Officer. HAL encl 1

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RESTRICTED AL Classifianti Change into L nority HBADQUARTERS Name) Newfoundland Base Coumand, ATID-ATC Fort Pepperrell, Newfoundland APO 862; c/• Postaaster, New Iork, N. I. (Карк) /gdbate), bag 4) 28 July 1947 SUBJBCTs Letter of Transa Ittal. (ATTENTION: AC/S, Intelligence) Roport of Stealinged orth a not mound a rainty Listed as follons: Pinal Report of Sighting - 20002, 10 July 1947 - 00302, 11 July 1947 - 00152, 20 July 1947 Reference TIA - IN 18469, this headquarters, dated 1217302 July 1947, rogarding sightings of "flying saucere" by Constable ERIC KEARSEY, Newfoundland Constabulary, at Grand Falls, Newfoundland, on the night of 9 July 1947, attached herewith, as inclosure 4, 1a signed statement of this sighting by Constable KEARSET. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERALS Maron eMiller MARION C. MILLER, Captain, Air Corps, AC/S, Intelligence. 4 Incles 1. Final Rpt of 81ghting, 10 Jul 47 , 11 Jal 47 20 Jul 47 Signed Statement - Const KRARSEY RESTRICTED GONFIDE

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RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL Classification Changed to ділили FINAL REPORT OF SIGHTING authority (Name) Can i cang 42 (Date) 1. 2 • 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Org• : 1388th AAP BU, NBC, ATLD, ATC. Harmon Field, Newfoundland. Sighting : Flying Disc or other airborne object. Place : Approx six (6) miles SSW of Harmon Field. Time Altitude. : 2000/%, 10 July 1947 : 8- 10,000 ft. Weather : Clear, Scattered Cumlus 8 - 10, 000 ft. Heading : NNE on horizontal course. Speed Very high velocity. Shape & Size: Circular like a waeel, estimated to be same size as a C-54 as seen from 10, 000 ft. 10. Color : Translucent or Silvery, left a Bluish Black trail approx 15 miles long• 11. Photographs: Ar. Robert W. Leidy reported that he took two (2) Kodachrome snap shots of the trail. 12. Reported By: ar. John N. Merhnan, TWA mechanic; Mr. John W. Woodruff, PAA mechanic; and Nr. Robert E. Leidy, PAA mechanic reported the above facts to the Intelligence Officer on 15 July 1947. A Flash Report was TWX ed to : Action copy • Comnanding General, Hq. ATC, Attn. Asst. Chief of Staff, Intelligence. Info copies: Commanding Generals Hq. ATLD and Hq. NBC 13. General Mister's Nerhman, Woodruff, and Leidy were enroute from Stephenville Crossing to Harmon Field at the time of the sighting• Mr. Woodruff was the first to see the Disc, it appeared to rent or split the clouds thru which it passed and left a Bluish Black trail approx. fifteen (15) miles. long behind it. The trail was similar to the afterglow of a powerful landing light or search light bean after it is suddenly switched off. the object maintained a straight and horizontal course according to Mr. Merhman and Nr. Woodruff, Mr. Leidy stated it appeared to be on a great curved course on a horizontal plane. The object disappeared into the North Northeast. Mr. Leidy says he took two (2) Kodachrome Photographs of the trail. The film has been transmitted to the Asst. Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Newfoundland Base Command for processing. Time somet CAPT. A.C. Intelligence Officer RESTRICTED CONFIDENTAL suck 1 0

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CONS: FINAL REPORT OF RESTRICTED asificatior Kendo And 1. Organization: (Name) • (Rank) 1388th AAF Base Unit (Date) APO 864, c/o Postmaster, New York, N.Y. 2. Sighting : Flying Disc or other airborne object. 3. Place : Codroy, Newroundland, 59°03' W Long•; 17050' N Lat. 4. Time : 00302 hours, 11 July 1947. 5. Altitude : Approximately 6,000 feet. 6. Weather : Clear; at dusk. 7. Heading : From northwest heading eastward. 8. Speed : Very high velocity. 9. Shape & Size: Disc shaped; was reported as being the size of a barrel-head, dinner-plate and size of a plane that is flying high. The trail gave the whole object the appearance of a cone. 10. Color : Flame colored with a trail of a lighter flame color. 11. Reported by : Mr. John Legge, Mr. Wm. Evans and Albert Samms of Codroy, Newfoundland. 12. General : Mr. Legge and Mr. Evans were standing outside Mr. Legge's store when they both sighted the object.. Both men stated that the disc was very bright with an after-glow which made the object look like a cone. It was a very clear night. In spite of the high velocity of the flying object, they said they could not possibly have mistaken it for a plane or a falling star. Besides the two men, the object was sighted by Albert Samns; he reported what he had seen to his mother. Mrs. Samms stated that Albert was in no way alarmed about it, he was alone and on his way home when he sighted it, and watched it while it was in sight. Albert was quite convinced from the color and behaviour of the object that it was not a plane, but definately some flying object. The informant, Mr. Legge, is believed to be reliable. He is a man of approximately forty; has had considerable experience as foreman of Buchans Mine, Newfoundland, where he was in charge of three hundred men. During the war, Mr. Legge was a mamber of a civilian volunteer Air Detection Corps. With that o ckground, Mr. Legge stated that he felt sure that the object he had seen was some- RESTRIC thing new which he had never seen before. CANE

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Final Report of Sighting General cont 'di RESTRIC CONFIDENTIAL Albert Samna is a twelve year old boy. He was alone when he saw the flying object, he was very definite that he nad never seen anything like it before. mother, Mrs. Semms, is the Post Mistress of the town, and after hearing Albert's description, felt that it answered to the description of a "Flying Disc". Mr. Legge reported his sighting shortly afterwards to Mrs. Samms benuse he was sure it should be made known to her in order that the incident might be reported hy telegram immediately• There was one other sighting reported from a River Warden at South Branch. The man could not be con- tacted at time of interviews with other parties. However, a second-hand description of his sighting wag obtained, and it agreed with the sightings at WILLIAM H. SMITH Captain, Air Corps, Intelligence Officer• RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL 12

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CONFIDENTIAL RESTRICTED FINAL REPORT OF SIGHTING .-o6t1e9 o ecd 1. Organization: 1388th AAF Base Unit (Data) APO 86l, c/o Postmaster, New York, N.I. 2. Sighting : Plying Disc or other Airborne Object. 3. Place : On board Steamship "BURGEO" enroute from Sydney, Nova Scotia to Port aux Basques, Newfoundland, about one hour out from Sydney. Lo Time : 00152 20 July 1947. 5. Altitude 1 300 off the horizon at an estimated quarter mile range. 6. Weather : Clear and dark. ?. Reading : NNE (30° East of True North) on horizontal plane. 8. Speed *High velocity, stated to be faster than a tracer bullet. 9. Description: Observers did not see the object, they saw its flashes and all four observers agreed there were four (4) or five (5) flashes approximately one (1) second apart and equidistant. The flashes were said to be silvery to reddish in color, and were described by two observ- ers to be like those of a fire Ply only larger and at equal intervals, and did not look like a shooting star or airplane. 10• Reported by: Messrs Maitland, Larkin, Douglas and Hamilton of hamilton, Metcalfe and Kansas City Bridge Companies which concern is doing the construction at Harmon Field. 11, General The four gentlemen (noted in Par.10) and Captain Gullage, Master of the "Burgeo", were standing on the starboard deck, and as the Captain was trying to describe a previous sighting, he saw the flashes; the other four gentlemen also saw them as described herein, and believed that it was not a meteorite or airplane because of its speed, color, and evenly spaced discharges or flashes. Captain Gullage told the four gentlemen that he had seen the same thing at approximately the same time and location. (ship's position) on the evening of 15 July 1947, except at that time, the object or flashes were traveling faster and frequently changing course the said it changed cours abruptly several times) and was headed generally to the RESTRICTE JADENIVAL eme 3 13

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RESTRICTED Final Report of Sighting: General cont'd : SSH. The Captain also told the four gentlemen that he was willing to make a complete report if the information is desired for official purposes. WILLIAM H. SMITH Captain, Air Corps Intelligence Officer. RESFRICTED

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CONFIDENTIAL Clonel Meat or cancelled or ламаи RESTRICTED 864, /• Postanstez, Maw Terk, 1. T. (Date) . 16 daly 1947 Interrogatios of SOll 3. WOO2ISJ7, Chie? Neshante, Pan Ameries Airways, arnon M1e14, Newfoundland, taken at 1415 107, 16 July 1947, by Captain V1211an H. Smith, A0, latel/Sgene 089leez. 9. D14 you see one of the so called "Tying Diake" or other objeet on the 30th Jalyl A. Tes, I 414. Can you sive the approzimate time? A. Approximately 1700. Tell me the efreunstanoes under which you saw this objeet. A. We were coming back fron a flahing trip, and coming over the hi11 between here and Stephenville Crossing you san see the elond for- nation ahead, I saw the objess break out where the elouds opened and 1t left. 1ts trail behind it. q. Had you been drinking? No. q. A. q.. A. Ten vere riding in a car at the time you saw 1t1 Tes, in the front seat of the. Pan American ear. What was the veather like that day? It was very clear and the elouds were very seattered. Mas vee the approxipate altitude of the eloude! 1ºa say from 8000 feet te 10,000 feet. Did you see the Disk Steel11 .. 1$ went through the adz. How von thie Disk bravellinG, hortsontal, deseending or ascending? It vas horisontal. bout hor ble ald it expen to it vas about the else of a 5a as a ron the hei ht of it. Constellation. bout how far apart 410 it break the elond It spread the elouds out abeut half m1le CONGER CAU 15

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RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL Interrogation of John 3. Woodruf? (Cont'a) A. A. A. Q. A. DIa 1€ leave a trailt (20) miles long. Have you ever seen a meteez? Yes. Do you think this vas a neteor No, I don't think so, 1t was out too clean. This was as asraigh as an arrow. What was the course of the objeet? Vell, looking at the map I'd sey Morth North Bast. A. Tes. Fow. long have you been vorking around aireraft! A. Seven (7) years. Vere you la the Arny during the time of the War? Д. No. Did you take any pletures? A. Ho, I did not, but one of the boys took some. Tes, 1t was an ideal day for plotures. shu & Woodrull JOAN E. WOODRUFT Chief Mechanie Pan Aneriean Airways The gam ba to 195. CONTATIAL Him JR Captain, Air Corps RESTRICTER- Adjutant

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RESTRICTED DINARE TIAL cigool Picution mangel to INTIELIGENCE OFFICE Destain BRADQUARTERS 1388TH AAT BASE UNIT AL ot сді HENTOUNDLAND BASE CONNAND, ATID-ATO-) (Rank) (Date) APO 864, c/• Postmaster, New Tork, 1. Y. 16 July 1947 Interrogation of J0M V. MINIMAN, J1., Supervisor and Mechenio, Trans World Airveys, Harmon Field, Newfoundland, taken at 1430 k7, 16 July 1947, by Captain Willien K. Smith, AC, Intelligence 01f1cer. low long have you been ansoelated with airera?? and aviation? A. Since approximately 1938. I: ver. Vore you in the Arny daring the Var? Q. What did you do in the Army? horial Canner. Q. Did your job during the var entail you to be able to judge distances and sises of objeets and ranges? .. Tes. On the evenlag of 10 July 1947, die you see one of she so called "Tying Diske" or an objeet in the sky? A. Tes, ve vere coming up over the mountain between here and Stephen- T11le Crossing. The car vas going up hill and we could see the sky through the windshield. Mr. Woodruff said "look at the out in the sky". I looked up and sav a blueinh black vapor trail. Did you see the objeet! A. Alo, I just saw the trail as 18 was left behind. Can you deseribe the affect the object had on the eloud formation? A. The clouds were very scattered and were about from 8000 feet to 10,000 feet, the object passed through and out the cloud leaving a gap where you could see the blue sly, like a knife had out 1t. The olges were feathered similar to a veld, as 1f you eut a weld in half. Did the object appear to be deseending, ascendinie, or horisontal? It was herisental and seemed to renais on atrue course. What vas your estimate of the eourse? A. Approxinately Worth Worth last. Q. A. Can you five any estimate as to the sise of the objeet? I 41d not see the objeet. RESTRICTED CONTIE 17

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4 14L Interrogation of John I. Mehrmas, RESTRICTED las the trail fan ahapedi A. lo it vas more or less a bead aross the sky la a straigat path Did 18 male a messe? To noise. Q. What went on in the ear when you sighted the objess? A. Ve stopped the ear and get out and looked at 1t. One of the beys had a camera and took a photograph of the trail that the objeet left. Д. - What was the name of the man who took the photograph! Robert Leidy. Do not So, 1/96,170, 02 Pla Me Lofty ve setsel Do you know whether Nr. Leidy saw the Diak or objeet I don' believe se. Supervisor and Meebeale Trans World Arvey No a gear at to f9y Captals, Air Berpe Adjutan: RESTRICTED

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RESTRICTED ХИРИЬЬОНСЯ OFTICH MINTOUKDLAND BASE COMMAND, ATTA-ANE •APO 664, / Postmaster, New Ter, I. T. (Rank) (Dater 16 July 1947 Interrogation af • V. IRIDE, Ssation Mechante, Pan Amerien Airvays, Harson Pold, Newfoundland, taken at 2450 879, 6 July 1941 by Captain W1ll1an H. Saith, A0, Intelligenee Offleer. saw an objeet or A. Tes, I vas. wining when they •a 10 July 19471 Q. On you tell ne the elzeunstenees undez which you saw the objees A. oz 180 Sra111 Well, Mr. Moodraf? saw 11 first and said he saw the thing ravelling ahrough the sky. No a1d not believe him at first but when hé vas 8o oneerned about it vo stepped the car and got out. I had my sanere so Sook a ploture of 1t. There was a bluesah streak left in the sic which en24 not have been a cloud forsation. I$ was a defiaite sral) and eased the clouds to break open as 10 vent through. Did 18 eut a path through the elena? sharp edges to the eloude. What was the trail 11kel Loud not to l the a de 0ole Fue dent passa &: Vo, In looked tale he bool roto the eload and left able openise. las the trail herisental, coing up, or coming deun A. 8 100ked her sensel A. has a abe. it, the the cloud, =, they were pretty high shough What time was this? RESTRICT RNL 19

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A. .. A. RESTRIC CONFIDENTIAL TIAL sles of Robert V. Resey (Cons'e) Did yen see the objeett Ne Sew lons do you think the brail was 10 1010, 7eu 04l6 sasily 800 le11, as 1 said before, ares is the path. Love you over toes a seteort Can you estimate the sise of the Is the elends? How long have you been vorking arenad planes, ete? B1= (6) y0078 Jere you la the Arty during the vast No. * Pontos 414 yo tokel me? here are the'flls new 1e12, 1 took three or four rollo and 1 a pietures are on. thinh 18 18 out out yet: V111 you give us the four zolle of 811a o offlelally! Tes, sir. FIRE TRICTED RMl 2

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CONFIDENTIAL Are you williag to give the Army a ce trail! Tes. 7 of the pietures of the Zones W Leid Station Mechanie Pan Anertean Airway scribed to before no - VA Hansa Captain, Als Corps Adjutant RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL --

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4 RESTRICTED STATEMENT OF MR. JOHN P. LEGGE, CORDROY, NEWFOUNDLAND. TAKEN BY MERCEDES BURKE OF THE INTEL IGENCE OFFICE, HARMON FIELD, NEWFOUND- LAND. 17 July 1947. At approximately 10 o'elook in the evening of 10 July 1947 I was standing by my store door; I happened to look up and saw what appeared to be a "FLYING SAUCER". It definately was not a would have fallen in the water. It was a niee elear night, no •louds, it mas just getting dark. I would say it was traveling at the rate of a shooting star but mueh eloser. I'd say roughly at 6,000 feet. It was visible for about fifteen (15) seconds. It eame from the North West heading Eastward. The cirale looked to be about the size of a barrel head, and the trail behind looked to be about fifteen (15) feet long. The trail behind the dise made the whole object look like a eone. Another thing that makes me feel sure it wasn't ay shooting star is; a shooting star usually leaves a temporary streak, this objeet I saw left no streak only the one that appeared to travel behind the circle whieh looked like an after-glow. The cirele was a bright red, nearest I could des- cribe it would be the eolor of a flame, the after-glow(eone-shaped) was a fainter shado. What I saw last Thursday night resembled a shooting star in no way whatsoever. There was only one. Witness: Wilde i. Witness: Mucede Jurke RESTRICTED

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QESTRICTED STATEMENT OF MR. WM. EVANS, CORDROY? NEWFOUNDLAND. TAKEN BY MERCEDES BURKE OF THE INTELLIGENCE OFFICE? HARMON FIELD, NAW- FOUNDLAND. 17 July 1947• At approximately 10 •'elock in the evening of 10 July 1947, I was standing outside Mr. Leggo's store talking with him. We both saw this thing dash aeross the sky. I couldn't be seeurate about the diroations. If it was a shooting star, I'd never seen one as large before, and it was mueh brighter than anything I've ever seen in the sky. It looked to be a round object, I eouldn't say it was anything else but round; it had a tail on it whieh showed yellowish, but not as bright as the eirele which appeared and nearest I could deseribe it would be sort of red and yellow. The streak behind, I would say, was little over a yard long; the eirele looked to be about the size of a large dinner plate. went so fast, it was hardly in sight before it disappeared. I eould not give any idea of the height; all I oan say is it W88 much eloser than a shooting star. and travelling at a great speed. Whatever it was it was flying through the air; it wasn't juet a streak aeross the sky. To me it wasn't in any way like a shooting star, and I am gure it wasn't an airoplane. I ealled 1t & "FLYING SAUCER" beause it seemed exactly like what we had been hearing ,so mueh about on the radio. m. EVANS tom Foraue Was: Nucle Bunken RESTRICTED 23

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RESTRICTED STATEMENT OF ALBERT SAMMS, CORDROY, NEWFOUNDLAND. TAKEN BY MERCEDES BURKE OF THE INTELLIGENCE OFFICE, HARMON FIELD NEW- FOUNDLAND. 17 July 1947. Last Thursday night I was out by our house, I happened to look up and saw what I thought was an airoplane. It was flying at the height of a plane that is flying high. Then I thougnt it looked strange for an airoplane, beause it was all lit up so bright, planes do have a light or two, but this thing was very bright - sort of a bright reddish yellow. I saw it only for a minute because it was travelling at a teriffia peed. It shot out of sight go quickly I thought it strange if it was an airop- Then, I remembered what I'd been hearing about "FLyIND SAUCERS" I ran in and told my mother. natasa, 7 was one ai wates: Neede turke RESTRICTED

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4 RESTRICTED Albert rushed in and told me about this thing he'd just seen. at firet he thought it was an airoplene but then he remembered having herod about "FLYING SAUCERS" and he thought that's what it must have been. I questioned him; he said it eouldn't have been a plane beenuee a plene wouldn't shoot down like that dia, besides it was too "lit up" Mr. Legge reported the same thing to me in order that I maght report same to st. John's in the morhing. Mrs JOHN SAMMS. Tmo John Samms. RESTRICTED

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4 NEWFOUNDLAND CONSTABULARY SUBJECT Re:- STATION Grand Falls, DATE July 13th. 1947.. Strange objects seen flying over Grand Falls on night of July 9th. at approx. 11,15 and 71.40. Upon arrival at home I joined my wife, my mother-in-law, and hir John Jackman a resident of St. John's and friend of the family, who were sitting on the front steps of the house. I was asked by my wife if had seen the "flying saucers" I thought she was joking and replied that I had seen nothing flying. Jackman and my mother- in-law then told me that they had really seen four objecte flying in an easterly direction just before I arrived. I asked them to describe what they had seen. Jackman said that four round shaped figures had passed overhead at a terrific speed and were flying side by side. On looking skywards again my wife, Jackman, and myself saw a object which I would deseribe as being a huge jelly fish flash across the the sky. It would be difficult to deternine its height and speed owing to the brief period it was visible. It's colour also would be hard to say, but there seemed to be a phosphorus clow about it, 1t was round in shape and about the size of a barrel head, it appeared to be flying in a rocking motion. is about all I can say about the matter, continued to sean the aky for about a half hour bút no sign of them were seen again. Constable. Cric Kearny 26 LeStrange Esq•, J.P•, Chier, of Police. Res; •Supastted. L Strange sage, J.?• Chief o Police. RESTRICTED uncl L 2 b

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10. NEWFOUNDLAND CONSTABULARY STATION Grand Talie, DATE July 13th. 1947.. UBJECT Re: - Strange objecte Been flying over Gran alls on night of July ith. at approa Sire - respectrully report for your information that o rednesday night, he 9th. inat. I arrived home fro duty at approx. 11.30. n-law then told me that they had really seen four obleet lying in an easterly direction just belore I arrived passed overhead at a Jacknas, and myeels a huge jelly 1e about all I can say about the matter, sign of then were seen agaÍn. Constable. Keanery Police. Bosestral Sunstros. La Strengo 509:, 3.P. Police RESTRICTED 2b

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From detailed study of reports selected for their impression of veracity and reliability, several conclusions have been formed: . (a) This "flying saucer" situation is not all imaginary or seeing too much in some natural phenomenon. Something is really flying around. (b) Lack of topside inquiries, when compared to the prompt and demanding inquiries that have originated topside upon former events, give more than ordinary weight to the possibility that this is a domestic project, about which the President, eto. know. (c) Whatever the objects are, this much can be said of their physical appearance : 1. The surface of these objects is metallio, indicating a metallio okln, at low then a trail 1a observed, It 1a Lightly colored, a Blue-Brown haze, that is similar to a rocket engine's exhaust. Contrary to a rocket of the solid type, one observation indicates that the fuel may be throttled which would indicate a liquid rocket engine. 3. As to shape, all observations state that the object is cireular or at least elliptical, flat on the bottom and slightly domed on the top. The size estimates place it somewhere near the size of a C-54 or a Constellation. symetrical about the im axis of flight motion.. 5. Flights hase been reported, from three to nine of them, flying good formation on each other, with speeds always above 300 knobs. 6. The discs oscillate laterally while flying along, which could be snaking•

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.. CONFIDENTIAL HEADQUARTERS FOURTH AIR FORCE Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff, A-2 Intelligence Hamilton Field, California 4AFDA 333.5/1208-I 25 August 1947 SUBJECT: Investigation of Flying Disc. TO: Headquarters, Army Air Forces, Washington 25, D. C. ATTENTION: AC of AS-2 1. The attached true copy of the letter of Mr. F. l!. Johnson of Portland, Oregon, was received by this officer 22 August 1947. 2. Your attention is invited to the similarity of statement by Mr. Johnson and Mr. Arnold. 3. This letter is being referred this date to the Special Agent In Charge, FBI, Sen Francisco, for any investigation they may care to make. 1 Inel: Cy of ltr fr P.I. Johnson (in dup) DONALD L. SPRINGER It. Colonel, GSC AC of S, A-2 03VI3 Ae 107. CONFIDENTIAL 2

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10 CONFIDENTIAL PORTLAND, OREGON, August 20th 1947 Lt. Col. Donald L. Springer, Assistant Staff Sir. Saw in the portland paper a short time ago in regards to an article in regards to the so called flying dise having any basis of fact. I can say am a prospector and was in the Mt Adams district on June 24th the day Kennet Arnold of Boise Idaho claims he saw a formation of flying disc. And i saw the same flying objects at about the same time. Having a telescope with me at the time i can asure you they are real and noting like them I ever saw before they did not pass verry high over where I was standing at the the time, plobly 1000 ft. they were Round about 30 foot in dimater tapering sharply to a point in * the head end in an oval shape. with a bright top surface. I did not hear any noise as you would from a plane. But there was an object in the tail end looked like a big hand of a clock shifting from side to side like a big magenet. There speed as far as i know seemed to be greater than anything I ever saw. Last veiw I got of the objects they were standing on edge Banking in a Cloud. Yours Respeotfully /s/ F. M. Johnson 106 No. West lst Ave Portland, Oregon A TRUE COPY: . SPR Lt. Colonel, Gsc, AC of S, A-2 за 101 CONFIDEN' TAL 29

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9 CONFIDENTIAL PORILAND, OREGUN 30, July 1947 aar C-D-N-T-1-F-I-C-A-T-Б un 30 July 1947 Ur Kichard kankin, 834 N. 5. Simpson Street, Portland, Oregon was inter ewed by this agent and stated in substance as follows: My name is Richard Rankin. I aml7 years old and have flown since I was nineteen years old. I Mirst soloed in an air craft in 1919. I have flow over all the western parts of the United States many times and have mapped all of the western part of the United States during the years before the late war for the US Forest Service. I am familiar with almost every part of the western United States. During a great part of my life I have done stunt thousands of Flying Cadets through primary training schools oned and oper- abdd by him. To date I have accomplished 7000 hours in the air as pilot of both civilian and Military aircraft. I an well acquainted with most articles that one would see in the air and I feel that I am well qualified to say when I see articles flying through the air, although I would not attempt to say that I am infallable and state that I could definitely identify every object that might be flying through the air. The following is. an account of what I saw on ill June 1947 from the yard of my home at 180 South "™ st, Bakersfield, California. front yard of my home. There was a lad mowing the lam at the time. up into the sky and saw ten articles flying from the South to th North at what I muld judge to be 8500 ft. The objects were flying at approximately what I woula judge to be 350 miles per hoir. As I hive stated before, I have done quite a lot of map work for the US Forest Service. I distinctly remember that at the time I saw the articles I mentioned it to the lad who was mowing the lawn at the time. I told the lad that the objects were in all probability some sort of Army or Navy test planes from the nearby test centers on the deserts of Southern Califomia. Having quite a Inowledge of aircraft in general I attempted to explain to the lad mowing the lawn that the objects were probably on same sort of training mission for either the Arny or Navy• At that time I did not give the slightest thought to anything but that the objects were some sort of test hip for the Goverment services. The oglect. resembled the pictures that I have seen of the 150-1, Flapjack abdit that the Navy is testing. After the objects di sappeared I proceeded into the house and had ny noon meal, At approximately 1415 I wen back into the yard to sit and lie in the shade. At this time the objects re- appeared going from Borth to South, although this time there were only seven of the articles, When I first saw the otiginal ten objects they were flying in a "y" formation with one obict seemingly star. formation met the otecte abet see te they tere strin ene "V" fanatbon although there was only seven d the objects at this time. 1 remember this time that I told the lad, in o was still vo riding on the lawn, that pobably three of the objects had poceeded back to their base on a diff- erent course. I actually thought that this was the case, that the other three objects had probably gone back to their base on the other side of the mountains from Bakersfield. A week or so later when I read of ur Kenneth mold claiming that he had seen articles flying through the air over the Cascale Mountains in 3U

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9 'ONFIDENTIAL Washington I realized that the articles that I savr were probably the same thing. I was still reluctant to mention this to anyone thinking that they would prob- ably say that I was crazy. After sometime I mentioned the ind dent to the editor of the "Oregonian", a Portland, Oregon newspaper. At this time I was in Portland for the remainder of the stner. The results & the conversation. with the editor of the paper is put forth in the accompanying newspaper article. I fully realize that bhis is a broad statement-in view of the fact that there hs been a much publicity lased put forth in various news- papers of the country. I and sound mind in every respect and I am firaly convinced that the articles I saw are actually some sort of flying machines although I cannot say from where they came or to there thay were going. I say what I have said with no idea of publicity or personal gain. SIGNED mone 1 Chi an ke Portland Ore gon 30 July 1941 se52 CON IAL

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CONt ЧАЕ Pilot Recalls Seeing Discs Dick Rankin Tells Of Odd Aircraft More reports of "flying flap- jacks" turned up Wednesday, one from no less than Dick Rankin, brother of the late Tex Rankin, and himself an expe rienced pilot of more than 7000 hours' flying time. Rankin, who is recovering from an old back injury re- ceived in an automobile acci- dent, came to Portland over the week end to spend the sum- mer. He saw the "silver cau- cers" over Bakersfield, Cal., June 23, while lying on the lawn sun bathing, he told The Oregonian. "I hesitated to say much about them," Rankin said, "un- til I noticed all the hullabaloo in the papers. I puzzled over their strange shape for a while and finally concluded that they were the navy's new XFSU-1 flying flapjacks, wbich are thin and round, with twin propellers and stubby tail." Only One XFSU-1 Built (The navy and the manufac turer have announced official- ly that only one such machine was built and that it never left Connecticut. "These planes were flying high, maybe 9000 feet, and fair ly fast, about 300 or 400 miles an hour. I first counted ten of them in formation, going north. About 2:15 P.M. they returned on the reverse course, headed south. But there were only sev- en in the formation. They were not weaving or bobbing in formation I couldn't make out the number or loca- tion of their propellers and couldn't distinguish any wings or tail. They appeared almost round. They looked like tures Juck, oR ank navy? flying tic- Rankin said Rankin, who plans to the sumer herelar ali end Simpson street, is now able to resume a little flying for fun, but not commercially, he said He now operates string of auto courts, spending his win- ters at Palm Springs. THE OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, JULY 3, 1947 "THE OREGO! IAN" Portland, Oregor. 3 July 1947 Ja5r AL 39-

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Ладавь 20, 1947 65-480 Direeter 110 SA0 Daste • FETING DESOS Refez teletype to the Durem dated dugust 15, 1947. 8o have seen. Concerning URI's sicetches, it may be noted that he belleved she felled outer edge which he attempted to create in hindrawing to have been about a foot through. UNIl likewise believed that the tubinh or exhaust flame which he and his sons claim to have seen was about a foot through and extended at least to the back end of the device. The flame did not appaaz to saper of! not to widen out towerd the baok. BILLY and KEITH URIS stated that they could see a knot on the side of the device fron which the flamen were shootine, and that they coald see day- 11ght between the exhaust flane and the side of the device. The flames did not leave any smoke or odor. The URIE boys thought that the "side View" sketch should show shat the device was more sharply angled fron bottom to top, while URIN hinsel! thought that it was more streamlined and carved. UNIl said that the lastra ment came se a polated or rounded top. In bie setations, URI'S mistakenly seid that he had seen it on Thure- day. Paring interview, he stated that it actunlly had boen oz Vednesday, dogues 18, 1947, theshe and hia sone sau the contrivance about 1100 P.N. URI explained that he had sent his boys to the river to get some tope from his boat. When he thought they were overdue, he went outside his Sool shed to look br them. He notieed them about 300 feetaway looking in the sky and he blanced up to see what he called the Dying dise. He sal d he could only see 11 for a moment before it disappeared behind a h1l1 which ebscured his view. URIA further stated that the contrivance was abeus seventy-f1ve foot in She aT. URIA resides in the depthe of the Snake River Canyon, which do about four hundred feet deep and twelve hundred feet across at that place. According to his account, the contrivance was about three hundred feet below the rin of the canyon and he saw it against the steep walle of the sanyon els the far side. He deseribed its coler as sky blue and stated that he doubted 13 1$ could be seen against the sky. He likewise said that it was purely by chance that he saw. 11. Ital not apia like a top.. sa 115

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As the machine veat by the UNIl place, the trees over which 18 almost directly passed (Hernan Pepulars) did not just bend th the wind as 11 a plane had gone l, but in Ville verde, "epun around on top an 1f they ver In a vacuum. KITTY URIA, eight years of ago, said he firet sew she mohine tours of the ground. . said thay then ran to sheir Father and learned that he deo hnd seen the machine. UNIA seemed completely sincere about the ineident. He said him Wife and daughter were in the house at the time and had not seen the muchine. He questioned hia brother, who also lives in the eanyon, but his brother had been eating at the time and had seen nothing. URI and his two boys maintained that they had never before seen one of the discs. URIS, when intervieved, appeared to de a sober, middle-aged man. Bracted Agents veta more on about eter, order l a slaboa URI appeared completely sincere about the machine. No further attempt was made to locate I. W. HAWKINS, Inanch as j. H. HORs, who was with HAWKINS at the time, was Interviewed. BROWT's name was withheld fron the newpaper becauss HANKINS and BROi were fishing at Salmon dame unile BROWI was supposed to have been working in Twin Zalls. BROMT asid simply that he and HAKKINS could hear a roar. looked up and could see two inatruments flying at a grent height, which BROWS mentioned might have been between few thousand and six thousand feet. However, he said he had no idea how large the dewices were and consequently, they nay have been several miles away. He said that he and HAWKINS were satisfied they had seen sonething and they were very doubtful that they had seen swo planes. 35-

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FALLS Regional Newspaper Serving Tew Nine Irrigated Idaho Cou Member of Associate эрарег TWIN FALLS, IDAHO, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947 Heads Up, Folks! The Dises Are Flying Again 10FT -/20 PT/ 114 SIDE VIEW BOTTOM VIEW END VIEW This is an artist's conception of the flying dise that A. C. Urie saw sides, and could well be the inspiration for something new in women's sweeping through Snake river canyon six miles west of Blue Lakes hats, such as a "flying saucer" creation. (Drawing by Vic Goertiege ranch. It seemed to be powered by jets emitting a fiery glow on both staff engraving) * * * * * * Flying Saucer Reported Flashing Down Canyon At 1,000 Miles Per Hour; Two Others Are Seen By JOHN BROSNAN Just Magic Valley and the nation were starting to let go of lampposts after reeling under welter of flying saucer reports, two more Twin Falls county men re- vived speculation on the mystery with vivid descriptions of discs they sau From A. C. Urie, who operates the Auger Falls Trout farm miles west of Blue Lakes ranch in Snake river canyon, came perhaps the most detailed account of one of the fast-flying objects the nation scription of the flying discs seen by come concerned about what was de- has yet produced him and his son, Keith, 8, and Billy, laying them, and had walked down The flying saucer Urie Sa W was 10: toward the river to see if they were skimming along through Snake river obtained view of all right. canyon at a height of 75 "I close-up about the flying saucer as it passed by the "I had a side view at a distance, feet at 1 p.m. Wednesday. At 9:30 trout farm at 1 p. m. Aug. 13 going of about 300 feet and almost on a a. m. the same day. L. W. Hawk- down Snake river canyon at a height level with the Twin Falls of about 75 feet from the canyon thing." Urie con- ins, county commis- sioner and former county sherit! tinued. "Two of my boys. Keith floor. would estimate the from Filer, also saw two circular at about 1.000 miles per hour, bOn and Billy, were below me and they also saw it at about a 45-degree objects soaring along at great Urie explained that the incident angle. They both got a bottom and height near Salmon dam 40 miles occurred while the two boys were a side view, and we were all look- southwest of Twin Falls. Here is Urie's eye-witness de- coming across the river from the ing at it from the south side of the north side in a boat. He had be- (Continued on Page 8. Column 6)

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'Saucer' Seen Flying Down Snake Gorge (From Page One) river facing toward the north. The boys saw it coming about half a mile up the canyon, and we all lost sight of it in less than a mile." While the impression was still vivid in their minds, the three got together and made rough sketches of what they had seen. These, in turn, were the basis for the artist's conception of the strange affair by Vic Goertzen of Twin Falls for the Times-News. "It was all one color-sort of a light sky blue with a red, tubular fiery glow at the side of the top or hood." Urie continued. "The canyon floor is rough at that particular point, and it rode up and down over the hills and hol- lows at a speed indicating type some of control faster than the reflexes of man. It is my opinion that it is guided by instruments and must be powered by atomic energy. as it made very little noise-just a s-w-l-s-h as it passed by." Urie described the size as about 20 feet long by 10 feet high and 110 feet wide, giving it an oblong shape. It might be described as look- like an inverted pie-plate broad-brimmed straw hae that ad been compressed from two sides. Pressed for his candid opinion of just what it was, Urie said that he was convinced that there was some- thing to this flying saucer situation. "I know a number of the people who have also seen. them and I know that they're not just imagining something or trying to get their names in the paper. Urie com- mented. "I do know that it scared the boys and made me feel pretty uneasy." he added. Tracing down a rumor that County Commissioner Hawkins had seen an unusual object in the air on the same day as Urie's experience, the Times-News called him at his Filer home. "Yes, I did." he replied without hesitation. "I'll have to admit I've been skeptical all along until I saw with my own eyes. I can't say what it was, but I can say there's something in the air." Hawkins related that while at Salmon dam Wednesday morning, a sound resembling the echo of motor caused him to look upward and there he saw two circular ob- jects that reflected light. They were traveling at a great speed and higher than most airplanes, accord- Ing to Hawkins. Aside from this, he declined to add details, except to say. "There's something in the air." His general description, however. corresponded closely those of hundreds of persons who reported Seeing flying saucers after Kenneth Boise businessman. touched off the deluge by telling of coming upon nine disc-like objects while he was flying in his private plane in Washington. Thereafter, the nation became in- creasingly flying saticer conscious. creating a state of mind that made it possible for four teen age Twin Falls boys to cause a mild sensa- tion when they built a model flying disc and tossed Into a local yard July 10. This was subseuently re- vealed as a hoax. following investi- gation by the army and FBI. Thereafter the saucer reports tapered off into a few scattered in- cidents until the question was re- vived by this week's occurrences. Speculation mention has that ranged from the discs could be army or navy guided missile experi- ments, or that they could be similar experiments by some foreign coun- try. "something out of this Whatever, they are, a lot of people have seen "something."

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CONFIDENTIAL HEADQUARTERS FLYING DIVISION, AIR TRAINING COMMAND Office of the Commanding General 17 Randolph Field, Texas 10 July 1947 333.5 SUBJSCT: Unidentifiable Objects TOR Commanding General Tenth Air Force Brooks Field, Texas Attns ACofS, A-2 1. The inclosed MOIC is forwarded for your infornation. 2. In the event that It. B. B. Armstrong has been interviewed by your Headquarters, request that a copy of the MOIC be furnished to this Headquarters. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERALS 1 Incl MOIC H. Lo CRISIBR It. Colonel, G.S.C. Asst. Chief of Staff, A-2 333.5 Ist Ind DC HBADQUARTERS TENTH AIR FORCE, OFFICE OF THE ASST CHIEF OF STAFE, A-2, BROOKS FIELD, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, 16 July 1947 Conmanding General, Flying Division, Air Training Command, Randolph Fld., Texas ATIN: -ABst Chief of Staff, A-2 Inclosed is Memorandun for the Officer in Charge in reference to Lt. B. B. Armstrong, as suggested in paragraph 2, basic communication. 1 Incl MOIC, std 15 July 47 1 Incl withdrawn MOIC, atd 7 July 47 S.H. MORROW colonel, GSC Asst Chief, of Staff, A-2 nel" CONE 3 7

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UNIDEITIFLABLE OBJECTS Williams 7ld, Chandlez, Aris. 15 July 1947 MEMORANDUM FOR THE OFTICER IN CHARGE: 1. On 24 July 1947, let it Erie B. Armatrong, 0-2059709, 170th AAP Base Vait, Ferry Division, Brook Pield, San Astondo, Texas me Interviewed and the following Infernation ms obtained. I$ Arustrong departed William 710ld, Arizona at 1400 CST on 28 June 1947 in a P-51 for Portland, Orogon, by the my of Medford, Oregon. At approximately 10,000 feet, approimtely thirty uiles northwest of Lake Moade, levade, Lt Arastrong nighted five or six white, eiroular objecte at four orelock, altitude approximately 6,000 feet, sourse approximately 120 degrees, am an entinated speed of 285 MPH. Lt Armtrong seid the objeeta were Plyin very smoothly and in a close formation, The estimted sise of the white objecte were approximately 36 Inebee In dienter. It Armstrong stated that he fa sure the white objests were not birds, since the rate of elesure ms very fast. It Armtrong wa certain that the white objeete were. not Jets or conventional type aireraft sime he has flown both types. AGSNT'8 NOTBS s "It Armstrong was very ainere in the explamtion and was not the exaggerating type. He merely stated what he saw and has drawn no con- •lusions as to what the waite objeets were. LAwrense R. King, Jr, Spoolal Agent, GIC, ADE 03VI3О39 12 |1 1310N 98

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CA HOENHAL UNIDENTIFIABLE OBJECTS WILLIANS PIELD, CHANDLER, ARIZONA. 7 July 1947 MEMORANDUM FOR THE OPTICER IN CHARGE: 1. On 1 July 1947, Lt william G. MeGinty, USN, 195803, P-80 Student, w1111ans Field, Chandler, Arizons, was interviewed by this Agent, and stated in subetance! That on 30 June 1917, i obo, in 0910, MST, he was lying at 25,000 feet over Grand Canyon, a P-8O type aireraft. He stated that he was heading south towards W11)1ans Pield, Arizona, when he saw two round objecte going at inconceivable speeds, straight down. He further stated that his reactions were to turn away from the objects. He further stated that one of the uniden- tiflable objects followed the other seconds apart. He further stated that due to the speed of the objects, he could only see that they were circular, and that they were possible light gray in color. He further stated that it was his opinion that the objects were approximately eight feet in diameter. In conclusion, he stated that the objects would haveprobably hit the ground approximately twenty-five miles south of the South Rim of Grand Canyon, Arizona. AGENT'S NOTES! Lt MeGinty gave his permanent addresa an: N.Aol,T.C•, Point Hugu, Fort Huenene, Colle. 2. On 1 July 1947, Captain Maleolm G. Amstrong, 0-734168, intervieed by this Agent and stated in subetance: Instrueto?, single neine, illans Pleid, Chandler, hatrote brother, lat Lt 5 Bo Armatrong, stationed at HQ, ZOth AAF, Brooks AAP, Texas had related to him that he saw a formation of unexplainable objects in the vicinity of Lake lead, Nev. Captain Amstrong, further stated that his brother atated the objects were heading south, and were at approximately 10,000 feet altitude. AGENT 'S NOTES: Captain Armstrong could not eive too much infomation on the objects that his brother had seen. It's So B. Arnstrong can be contacted at Hg, 10th AF, Brooke Field, Texas for further information. sa 38K MN Lynn C. Aldrich, Special Agent, CIC-AAP, DIRC THIS, IS A TRUE COPY Rue 7, 39

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Prela C6 Unidentifiable Objeots. • 333.5 1D (16 Jul 47) Ist Ind. HQ AIR DEFENSE COMMAND, Mitchel Pield, New Tors, 21 JuLy 1947. TO: Conmanding General, Argy Air Porces, Washington 25, D. C. ATTN: AC/AS-2. 1. Farwarded for your information and utilization. FOR THE COMMANDING GENERAL: Info cy: cG, АнС, Wright Fid, Dayton, 0. 4 2 Incle: n/ c Colonel, Gsc at. Cal. At. Asst Chief of Staff-Intell• see 130 $177 + 0

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ni dents table Obfeet! 333.5 I) 7(16 Jul 47) Lat Ind NO AIR DEFENSE COMUND, Mitchel Field, Now Tons, 21, JuLy 1947. 10₽ omanding General, Arsy Afr Forces, Washington 25, D. C TTN: AC/A8-2 1. Forwarded for your infomation and utilization. POR THE COMZANDING GENISRALE Into eys Co, ANG, Weight Pid, Dayton, 0. 2 Incla: n/c R. M. SMITH oLonel, as ast Chief of Staff-Intell 10110 ЗИЗ" ЗАД, ЗЯТООК CON: н |

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7 CON AL HEADQUARTERS TENTH AIR FORCE BROOKS FIELD, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff, A-2 IN REPLY REFER TO: DC 333•5 16 July 1947 SUBJECT: Unidentifiable Objects TO: Commanding General Air Defense Commund W1tchel Field, lew York ATTI: Asst Chief of Staff, À=2 Inclosed herewith for your infornation is investigation rolative to Unidentifiable Objects which was initiated at leadquarters, Flying Divi- sion, Air Treining Connand, Randolph Field, Texas. This Office assisted, as noted in Inclosure 2, by completing a Memorandum for the fficer in Charge • 2• lio further action is contemplated by this leadquarters concorning investigation of this incident. 2 Inels: 1. NOIC dtd 7 July 47 2• Ltr, FDATC, w/1 Ind and 1 Incl, NOIC, ato 15 July 1947 Colonel, GSC Asst Chief of Staff, A-2 621-9 21 JUL 1947

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To: (G, 44F (ATTN AL/AS-2 ) FROM: DIR. OF INTEL. DATE 5 AUR 47 MAJ FISHER /79738 2636 Magnolia Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. August 1 1947 Director of Military Intellegence, War Departmant, Washington 25, D.C. Dear Sir: on sunday afternoon, July the sixth, I observed something very strange ; it is related -- at least in my own mind-- with the phenomena of the "Fabulous Flying Saucers and I cannot report on this second phemonena, without speaking of the first. As I do not wish to be considered the victim of mass psychology, a crack-pot or visionary, it is rather hard for me to make this report. I am doing it because I consider it my duty. A newspaper article spoke of the Bureau of Standards as "Having a finger in the pie " in many experiments so not knowing where to write or who to write to - wrote to the Bureau, and Mr. Hugh L. Dryd- en has suggested that you were the one to report to. I had been amused at accounts of the " flying saucers". Everyone was talking, laughing and joking about themand I did not believe in them • The Hollywood Tarzana Bus was parked at the Tarzana end of the line and the driver was busy making out his reports preparatory to making the return trip./ I was the only one in the bus and I sat in the middle of the side next to Ventura, so the bus was parked north and southe As I looked to my right, a "saucer appeared out of nowhere appar- ently out of nowhere and it was followed by several others ; they were of uniform size and spaced at regular intervals and it seemed as if they turned a corner from the west and they rolled along at great speedto the Northward and parkallel toVentura Boulevard • As soon as I becameconvinced that what I saw was not an illusion but what every one was talking about I began to study them and it was right then that my eyes seemed to be drawn to this other phenoma in the air between me and the "Saucers". What I saw was milky white rays in the sunlight that seemed to cris cross like the search lights do at tight ; it was nothing like the sun shining on some bright object for the rays were not spaced and they were not so close together and they cris crossed. However, they did seem to converge toward a center but they did not meet there . this center -- a radious of about eighteen inches it seemed from, I sat, there were spinning objects di some red substance - 3 120%

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2 about the color of the semi- precious stone Cornelian: these fragments were sharp and irregular and shing. They were flying about as l1 Ilying to a magnet • this was momentary and I looked to see if the "Saucers" were still there. I saw one or two but a second • By this time the "Saucers were out of sight. All the way hope I was trying to find sone logical explanation for the "Saucers" but my mind kept reverting to the second phenomena and as I dwelt on it I could not help surmising if perhaps these rays I saw did not come out of the red fragments that were spinning in the vortex. I couldnt help wondering if this substance had been shot from the way to the "orth/. As our army would not be shotins deadly rays over toward a very croweded highway and as this whole thing seems fantastic to say the least, I thought I had better trust some ones Judgement who really knows what is going onand so you have my report on what - really saw, and what I an very curious about. Thanks to ME. Dryden for his courtesy in letting me know just who to relate this incident do, and thanks to you for listening and I hope that it makes the right kind of impression. Sincerely yours, M. Lenore Corey

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.. MOOCAMA FORM NO. B-806 SI MAY 1948 APN/KDS/eb OKLAHOMA CITY AIR MATERIEL AREA TINKER FIELD OKLAHOMA CITY. OKLAMOMA IN REPLY REFER TOL #372h-I 30 July 1947 MENORANDUM FOR THE SECURITY OFFICER, OCANA Subject: DAN NELSON, Attorney-at-law, 926 Perrine Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Re: Flying Saucer Mystery Solved. On 30 July 1947 DAN NELSON was interviewed at his office, 926 Perrine Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, relative to his alleged solving of the Flying Saucer Mystery. Subject, whose age is 53, is at present engaged in practicing law and is the agent for the Dual Parking Meter Company• Subject advised he is married and has two sons, ages seven and ten, residing at 2613 N.W. l4th Street, Oklahoma City, Oklahona. Nelson stated he was a sergeant in World War I, being wounded in action while serving with Company L, 58th Infantry, and that before entering the service he had an eighth grade education. After leaving the service he finished his education and graduated from the University of Oklahoma in 1929• He advised that since 1929 he has practiced general Lar in both Norman and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Subject stated he notified the War Department by letter on 19 July 1947, advising them of his discoveries concerning the Flying Saucer Mystery. He received an answer dated 23 July 1947 advising him his letter had been referred to the Air Forces. NELSON stated he heard no more fron the War Department as of 29 July 1947, at which time he released his statement tc the "Daily Oklahoman," Oklahoma City local newspaper. Subject advised the basis for his theory concerning the Flying Saucer Mystery was obtained from simple experiments which he conducted while driving his automobile. NELSON stated he believed that many people had seen lights or shining objects cast onto their windshields and side ventilator windows of their automobile and reflected as a saucer or disc shaped object. He stated that the movement of the automobile, plus the fact that the glass was not a perfect airror and passing objects could be seen in relation to the objecte gave them an appearance of great speed. Subject advised that the vibration of the car gave the objects an appearance of rotating and that the reflections caused them to appear flat or saucer shaped. NELSON stated that any number of objects might be seen according to the direction that the car is traveling and the number of bright objects being reflected onto the window. He further stated that these objects might be seen in an ordinary window in a house according to the lighting

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conditions, and that the objects might be either vertical or horizonal. The subject related that any change in speed of the car resulted in a change in the secto speed of the object, and that changes of direction resulted in a change in or diete out ho true in relation to flying saucers seen from aircraft. Attached hereto is a detailed statement by NELSON covering his findings and explaining his solution to the so-called Flying Saucer Kystery. talman D. Simon KALMAN D. SIMON c.I., U.S. Army

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FLYING SAUCER MYSTERY SOLVED July 12, 1947. The most impressive reports of the so-called flying saucers or dises were those from aviators who claim they saw disc-shaped objects flying through the air in various formations at high altitudes and at a high rate of speed. The first report was from an aviator who stated that these so-called flying discs had a somewhat shiny appearance and would fly in formation and change their position from time to time. Most reports stated that they appeared in the late afternoon or about dusk. Most all reports were to the effect that these objects had the appearance of an inverted dise or saucer, and some of them reported that they appeared to be rotating in their flight. The mystery of the flying saucers or dises may be sol- ved by the use of a little applied science along with a few simple experiments. These flying discs or saucers can be observed by any motorist traveling along the highways when the sun is shining on most any afternoon or evening. During the day- light most of these so-called flying discs are reflections from the sun shining upon some bright object in or on the automobile driven by the observer. For instance, if you were driving in a north-westerly direction with the sun shining on the handle of the front or rear door on the left side of the car, you may notice a shiny object appear in the ventilation wing of the window on the drivers left, if it is opened to about a 45º angle.

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These shiny objects may have wrious forms and there may be more than one, depending on the number of reflections. They may appear to be in the sky when the driver looks through the ventilation wing glass. Their position in the sky depends upon the angle at which the object is reflected in the ven- tilation wing and the position of the observer. They may have various forns but very frequently they are of a saucer shape or a flat shape when they appear to be in the sky. The ventilation wing during day-light is not of course a perfect mirror, therefore, it appears to the driver or ob- server that he is actually looking through the glass into the sky• As he moves along, the bright objects appear to be traveling at a high rate of speed in comparison with the stationary objects on the ground, or the distant horizon, that he sees through the window, or in comparison with the faintly silhouetted objects on the landscape which at times are re- flected in the window. The flying saucer appears to be traveling in the same general direction as the automobile but sometimes a little to the right which makes it appear that it will eventually cross the drivers path. The apparent flight direction of the saucer is due to the angle of the ventilation wing glass in its relation to the direction in which the car is traveling. The number and position of the saucers refleêted in the glass depend upon the number and contour of objects reflected there- in by the sun. Bright objects on a car approaching from the rear may cast such reflections on your ventilation wing in the daytime. (2)

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If the ventilation wing window wero a perfect mirror the objects causing the reflections would appear therein, as well as all other objects within range, but the ventilation wing being a sort of a semi-mirror, does not reflect the object but only the bright spot, which leaves the impression that the observer is actually looking through the glass and that the object act- ually appears to be in the sky, or at times a long distance away. These results are best obtained in the late afternoon, or after sun down. The aviators who reported seeing flying discs or saucers, undoubtedly were seeing the reflection of bright objects in or on their own plane. They saw them as reflected in their canopy or wind shield, but failed to recognize them as reflections. Otherwise they were reflections from other air craft. . As the aviator traveled along observing the movement of the disc in comparison with the mountains, clouds or station- ary objects on the earth, made them appear to be traveling at a high rate of speed. The sloping angle of the aviators wind-shield and his position in the plane made it appear that the dises were in the sky. The position of the dises also depend upon the position of the observer and the angle at which they are reflected in the glass. Some of the reports stated that where there were more than one flying disc, they appeared to be fastened together and frequently performed a dipping or rising motion and when one would dip, they would all go through the same motion sim- ultaneously. The simultaneous movement is due to the reflect- ions all coming from the same object. For instance, if they (3) 4

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are reflected from some bright object in or on the car or plane, the up and down motion of the car or plane causes the flying discs to appear to be going through a dipping and rising motion, or, if the reflecting object is stationary and the car moving, the results will be the same. The statement that the discs appeared to be rotating as they sailed through the atmosphere is due to the vibration of the automobile or plane. Vibrations make them appear to be rotating at a very high rate of speed. Vibration is what gives them a flat or disc-like shape also. If you wish to see some flying discs, make a drive at about dusk or at night, open your ventilation wing window at about a 45° angle from the drivers seat and watch the reflections of the stationary electric lights that appear on your left, if you are driving, after you pass them, and see how many discs you can observe flying through the air. If there are not too many lights to your rear, you may have a perfect formation of beaufiful flying discs which may be red, green or silver according to the color of the electric lights which you have passed. They appear most realistic when traveling about forty-five or fifty miles per hour. If you do not get satisfactory results from your first experiments, try again. After you have learned when and where to look for them, your observations become more pleasing and interesting. Even the lights of an approaching automobile from your rear may appear as one flying dise in your ventilation wing. The reflections of the approaching lights will appear in your ventilation wing unless the side of your car protrudes out so far as to prevent the light beam from shining on the wing. (4) 5°0

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These appear best when the approaching car is some distance away, perhaps a quarter or half a mile. The results at night may not be as impressive as those in the late afternoon because at night your ventilation wing window makes a more perfect mirror and the passing landscape is not as pronounced, therefore, the reflections therein are more easily detected as reflections. In the late afternoon, however, you have a feeling that you are actually looking through the glass and the reflected objects appear more real. The sun shining on a bright ring on your fin- ger with your hand resting on the steering wheel may cast disc- like reflections in your wind shield. The form of the reflect- ion will depend upon the ornamental decorations on your ring. The rear door handle on my automobile reflects nine beau- tiful, little, silver, flying discs in the bright sun-light. These appear in the lower part of the ventilation wing and when traveling on a level highway, they appear to be racing along with me at the road side. These nine discs appear in a form- ation of two rows of four each, with the ninth one in the lead at the center of the formation. They appear as whirling pro- pellers in a vertical position. These discs also have stream- ers which are due to the curveture and decorative pattern on the handle. While traveling north in the early afternoon under a bright sun, these nine discs appeared far below to my left, racing up the valley at a terrific rate. You may be able to see flying dises in your own home. If you will turn on a small electric light in the hall-way and then bok through the window at the other end of the hall, (5)

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you may see as many as three flying discs from one electric light bulb, which may have more or less of a bell shape. These dises many times appear as inverted saucers, and if you will change your position slowly you will see that they change their position also. These are best observed in the late afternoon or between sun down and dusk, when it appears to you that you are merely looking through the window pane at the discs sus- pended in the distance. As darkness comes on, the window pane becomes a more perfect mirror and your dises appear as reflect- ions in a mirror. To watch the dises, through your ventilation wing, sail along with you as you drive through the country, becomes very fascinating, especially if you use a little imagination. It may absorb your thoughts completely, therefore, I would admon- 1sh automobile drivers watching the flying discs, to be cautious and not run off the road or into some other car. Some of the reports on flying saucers, heretofore not ex- plained in this article, such as those reported seeing bright flashes in the sky, were no doubt reflected sun-light from planes. These light beams chanced to cross the line of vision of the observer.- They frequently appear very brilliant and may more or less blind the observer for an instant. If the plane is very high it may not be seen by the observer, which may be due to impaired vision or the great height at which the plane is flying. We very often get these same blinding flashes from automobile wind-shields, Many of the reports around July 4th. were incited by various forms of fire works. (6)

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5 Some reports stenmed from pure imagination or hysteria, while others were deliberate hoaxes. Any other reports can be ex- plained if all the surrounding facts are known. Most all of the reports and descriptions of the flying saucers coincide so clearly with the findings herein, that there could be no doubt but that we have the correct solution. The foregoing statement may not be coached in precise scientific terms, and may not be scientifically exact, how- ever, we believe it is so worded that the average layman can understand it and that it is sufficiently correct to prove the proposition. Personally, I do not believe that the so-called flying saucers or the solution thereof, are of any military value, unless the Government wished to retain this infornation for the psychological effect upon any potential enemy nation, such as Germany did in regard to their so-called secret weapons during the war. Dan Nelson Кавита City.

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8 Code 110A NRL 7 August 1947 MEMORANDUM SUBJECT: "Flying Saucers" TO: Asst Chief of Air Staf1-2 Collection Branch, AAP Washington 25, D. C. 1. The inelosure is an excerpt from a letter to Dr. E. Tousey, Micron Waves Section Head, Naval Research Labora- tory, from Mr. John Y. Cole, pertaining to some unidentified objecte which Mr. Cole reports to have seen some time prior to the firet reports of "flying saucers" in the New England area. 2. Dr. Tousey states that Mr. Cole is a well-known astronomer and a reliable observer as e result of his training. 3. The inclosure is in addition to information contained in previous letters to your office taken from interviews at the request of It. Col. G. D. Garrett, AAF A-2. 1 Inel. Excerpt fm ltr to Dr. Tousey 2 P. Thelle WILLIAM P. MELLEN Major, Air Corps AMC Liaison Officer Naval Research Laboratory

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Cupy. Excerpt from letter to Dr. R. Tousey from Mr. John F. Cole South Brookeville, Me, July. 28, 1947. Having in mind the ridicule which has been heaped on those innocent or perhaps gullible individuals who have reported disks, I would be a little cautious in interpreting. But it is safe to say truthfully, that something unusual attracted my attention, and I was in a perfectly sober, condition, barring the mild stimulation, afforded by cool spring water filtering through North Haven greenstone cracks. It should be easy to determine if the "disks" were a new type jet plane, or bomber, or rocket. The fact that it was July 3, about 2:30 P.M. (summer time) or Greenwich Civil time 1830 might suggest that they were engaged in some naval demonstration from Eastport, Ber Harbo or Belfast. The group appeared to be at an altitude of about 50° -- I suffe from a mild cervical arthritis--but my eyes are well corrected for astigna- tian and hypermetropia, and I doubt if my cerebral cortical Lesions are suffic- lently advanced to affect my balance. usually loud roar and I was surprised not to see a well defined group of planes quite near. Instead I had to look rather sharply to see the bunch of very light colored objects, in a general northerly direction and travelling roughly This was reasonably correct, as I was on Cox'e hill, and looked over towards Backwood'e Mount, that is the conspicuous flat tep planated hill at Harborside. The group could hardly have covered more than 1j° angular diameter in the sky, and bunched rather closely with no regular formation. There might have been 10, I couldn't say and with 90' of arc spread, would easily be within the limit of visibility for discreet ob- jects. As a group they were going so as to cover 30º of arc, estimated of course, in perhaps 10 or 15 seconds. If one of them, say, subtended 1/10°. with a possible wing spread of 100 feet, it would put it at a distance of over 10 miles, and quite invisible for a light object. Besides, with 30° arc of travel at a 10 ml. distance would be roughly 5 miles in 15 seconds or 20 ml. per minute or 1200 ml. per hour!!--rather fast for a bomber--hi. A 50 ft. object, at 5 miles dist. would be about 600 ml. per hr.--also fast going. The only concrete evidence of forn appeared on the left tangent of the group--two dark shaped forms: Doesn't the Douglass bomber have these? And since they were in no regular formation, but seemed among themselves to be moving irregularly like a swarm of bees, why shouldn't all of them have shown winge? The loud roar suggeste they may have been much closer, and rather small. The sky background was hazy blue, and the sun behind me. One plane towing a lot of balloons, I believe, would have been easily recognized. Havy any meteorites been re- ported? At that time of day, has there been any abrupt change of radio field strength? or ionization?

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OFFICE OF THE AIR INSPECTOR 25 JULY 1947 MEMORANDUM. TO: AC/AS-2, Counter Intelligence Branch 1. Information contained herein and opinions expressed are based upon conversation with and request by Mr. Butler of your office. pertain to certein phenonema connected with recent widespread talk of "flying saucers". 2. Approximately three weeks ago, on or about 7 July 1947, I prepared to go to bed around 2230 or 2300 EDT. I was living at North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia, with my wife. Illustration No. 1 shows the general layout of the room we occupied at that time. See Illustration No. 1. RADIO DESK Mutation →, 56

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3. I had just turned off the light by my bedside, but sat down on the side of the bed to listed to the end of a radio program before reclining. In the meantime, my wife and I were having some conversa- tion about the selection of certain furniture for a home we had just purchased. At the time of these events, as I sat facing the windows, a light appeared at the right-hand edge of the extreme and window and moved rapidly along to disappear below the trees or horizon, or to be extinguished in some fashion at some place in a general southerly direction. This is illustrated on the following page by a very tenta- tive sketch. See Illustration No. 2.. X 32. ¾ mile divetin. Lies append in si listen Peti 57

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4. At the time, since my attention was divided and absorbed among the subjects mentioned, my reaction was simply that "a light passed by," and I gave no further thought to the matter until some moments later, when the thought came to me that I had never seen such an object before, and that although the first explanation would have been that a meteor had fallen toward earth in that direction, it did not have the appearance of any meteor or "shooting star" I had ever seen. Thinking of the then- prevalent talk of flying disks, I reflected that probably some such thing as I had just seen was the source of a large amount of newspaper and radio publicity on the subject. The next morning I jestingly announced in the office that I saw a flying saucer the night before and live. general topic for some time, I dropped the subject, not wishing to add to the supposed rumors, which I envisioned as a source of serious panic over the country. 5. A description of the light, or objeot is almost impossible, since observation of it was so limited. As shown in Illustration No. 2, the object appeared to pass in closest proximity to me at the time it came into view. All of my mental calculations were based upon some impression or conception of 1ts distance at the closest point, (AC)• I had no way of judging this, except in the form of very crude depth- perception. If this by any chance were correct, and instead of a dis- tant meteor some object had passed near-by, I would assume for purposes of description that the distance AC on the sketch was some three quarters of a mile. One factor which I could judge quite reliably was the angular elevation. This must have been approximately 3 or 4 degrees; at any rate, the light was internittently behind the tallest trees forward of my position as it passed, and these trees are of a normal height, perhaps sixty or eighty feet at a distencel several blocks. Based upon a mild assumption as to distance, and a reasonable assumption as to angular elevation, the object would be at a low altitude, considerably below 500 feet, and of a size approximating a small airplane, say 30 feet across. The shape may have been round, oval, discal, or irregular; at the speed with which it travelled, I could only perceive it as a "blob." I do not consider the distance mentioned to be less than 3/4 milo, because had it been, I feel sure that, late in the evening and with all my windows open, I would have heard some sound, which I definitely did not in this case. It might be well to point out here the relative similarity in size, altitude and airspeed of a firefly at a distance of 30 feet, an airplane at about 3/4 mile, and a neteor at several hundred miles. Most of us are familiar with this illusion. 3

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6. Although I could not accurately judge the time, I seem to recall the object or light was visible for a couple of seconds. Taking this figure literally and applying it to the sketch, No. 2, one could roughly compute the speed of the object at 1350 mph; however, I did not sense that it was moving with such great speed as this. It rather appeared to move with the speed of a jet-powered airplane. It did not deviate from a straight course while I observed it, and did not perceptibly lose altitude. 7. In color, the subject had the appearance of a reflected white light, a cool, bright white light with no red in it, like the moon on clear night. There was no train visible to me, in the form of fire, smoke, or sparks. The weather at the assumed time and date was checked through records of the Bolling Field weather office, and consisted of scattered to broken clouds with visibilities of 10 - 12 miles. The cloud condition is further indication that the object was not necessarily a meteor, since it might have been impossible to see a meteor. I do not personally remember the weather condition, except that I am sure it was not raining• 8. At the time of this occurrence, I was not inclined to think of it seriously enough to wake my wife and describe it to her, nor by any reasoning to make official report. As time passed, I thought considerably about the fleeting glimpse I had of whatever I saw, and am still somewhat confused, but feel that it was some natural phenomenon which oceurs but rarely. I have flown approximately 2500 hours during the pasts seven years and being generally familiar with aspects of aviation san emphati- cally state that (a) it was no weather balloon, (b) it was not the flash of a beacon on the cloud-base, (c) it could hardly have been an airplane on fire, since it would have at least crashed in this general area, (d) it was not entirely a result of imagination, and (e) it was not spending much time in one place. tall JAMES 0. COBB Lt Colonel, Air Corps 5-9

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ADDRESS REPLY TO DIRÉCTOR, NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY WASHINGTON 20, D.C. AND REFER TO: Code 110 ARMY LIAISON OFFICE NAVY DEPARTMENT NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY WASHINGTON 20, D. C. Bex - 28 July 1947 SUBJECT: Flying Saucers TO: Asst. Chief of Air Staf1-2 Collection Branch, AAJ Washington 25, D. C. Supplemental to that contained in a letter to your office, dated 18 July 1947, re interview with Mr. C. H. Zohn who purports to have seen an unidentified flying object, the following additional Information vas obtained on 21 July from C. C. Rockwood, who was mentioned in that letter an having also seen the object. C. C. Rockwood reports the object to have been either a silvery sphere of disc, which he would have taken to be a meteorological balloon except for the fact that it was travelling at a much higher veloeity than the automobile and approximately in the same direction. The auto- mobile was moving about 60 uph. There was little, 11 any, surface wind. When f1rst seen at an elevation of about 45° it appeared about of the same size as the sun. He could hear nothing above the noise of the car. Ly saw no smoke or contrails. Its motion vas apparently all horizontal. It aspect did not change so far as could be observed during the time of observation. He thought it disappeared by simply becoming too small to see. Stillean P. Melle WILLIAM P. MELLEN Major, Air Corps AMC Liaison Officer

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This is en unparaphrased code (cypher) message. Text must be perephrased if essential to retransmit it in another systen or to comunicate its con* tente to persons outside British or U.S. Governent Services. One-time pad ressages are excepted from this rule. JOINT COM UNICATIONS OFFICE 9421 1508/1. IN MESSAGE T.0.0: 080800 Aug- 1947 REC'D: 1200 EDT 9th Aug. SECRET SECRET FROM: TO: A.M. LONDON FAFDEL CYPHER. MESSAGE AIX 6328 Rug. 8th 1947 Your AIX 14 July 29th. During normal night flying practice at 2230 hours on 16th January, 1947, one of our Mosquitos was vectored on to an unidentified aircraft at 22,000 feet. A long chase ensued commencing over the North Sea about 50 miles fron the Dutch coast end ending at 2300 hours over Norfolk. Two brief AI contrets were mede but faded quickly. The un- identified afro't appeared to take efficient controlled evasive action. 2. No explanation of this incident has been fortheoming nor has it been repeated. ACTION COPY I..C.M. ..M. C.I.O. (Action)3 /ec

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62-83894-130 FLYING DISCS 30 July 1947 For purposes of analysis by AFBIR-CO, eighteen reported sightings of "Flying Discs" were selected for breakdown into detailed particulars. Each report was assigned a number and each number appears in the left-hand column of the data on the following pages. One report, Number 7, has not yet been received and therefore no information is included other than Date, Name of Observer, and Location. The Fourth Air Force is attempting to secure a statenent from this observer. Four reports, Numbers 2, 4, 17, and 18, have not been analyzed. The subject headings on which the breakdown has been made are: Date Hour (Local standard Time) Location Observer's Name Observer's Occupation Observed from Ground or Air Number of Objects Sighted Altitude Direction of Flight Speed Distance Covered Length of Time in sight Deviation from straight Flight Color Size Shape Sound Trail Weather Manner of Disappearance Remarks

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Report Number Dete 22 22 24 28 29 *Hour 1215 1130 2120 1330 2015 1345 1145 1430 1550 2330 1600 1830 Location Manitou Springs, Colorado Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Greenfield, Massachusetts Mt. Rainier, washington Maxwell Field, Alabama Nera white Sands, lew Mexico Bekersfield, California Ennett, Idaho Clay Center, Kansas Fairfield-Suisun, California Koshkonong, wisconsin East Troy, Wisconsin Mt. Baldy, California Grand Falls, Newfoundland Harmon Field, Newfoundland Elmendorf Field, Alaska *Local Standard Time

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Report Number 1 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Observer's Name D. A. Houser F. J. Smith L. D. Jamison Byron Savage E. L. DeRose Kenneth Arnold Wilson H. Kayko John H. Cantrell Redman Theodore Dewey C. H. Zohn J. R. Kauke C. C. Rockwood Nancy Rockwood Richard Rankin E. J. Smith Ralph stevens A. B. Browning Jas. H. Burniston Not Stated " Not Stated "t Alvin E. Moorman Iric Kearsey Mr. Wehrman Mr. Woodruff Grahm and several other officers Occupation Railroad Employee " Businessman-Pilot *Not stated Business-man Pilot Captain, AF " Ist Lieut., ANF Enployee, NIL " " Wife of C.C. Rockwood Civilian Pilot United Air Lines Pilot " " " Co-Pilot Major, AAP Captain, AAF CAP Instructor CAP Student CAF Pilot CAP Passenger Ist Lieut., ACCNG Constable, Newfoundland Constabulary THA Representative PAA Major, AAF Observed Fronn Ground " " Ground Ground Air 11 Ground Air " Air Ground Air Air Air Ground Ground Ground *From letter received, observer is obviously well educated. 2 65

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Report Number 1 3 Deviation from Straight light Climbed, dove, hovered overhead, re- sumed original course None reported 6 Zig zag course "much like a water- bug" None reported None reported 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 None reported None reported Descended edgewise, stopped at 4,000' and assumed horizontal position. Fro- ceeded in horizontal flight for 15 seconds, stopped again, then disapp- eared None reported None reported None reported None reported Followed contours of mountains five miles away from observers 5 Color Silver silver, very bright Brilliance slightly great- er than a star some solar spec- ular reflection Almost dusk; could not dis- tinguish Very bright and silvery colored Reflection from sun Not stated Not stated Of light-reflec- ting nature Phosphorous color silvery Resembled a grayish balloon size Apparently small Sma 11 Not stated Not stated Impossible to determine 30-50' in diameter Comparable to a C-54 at 10,000' Not stated Not stated Apparent depth of a P-51 Not stated Same span as a C-54 at 10,000' Approx. 10' in di amet or

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Report Number 1. 3 5 6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Shape No definite shape could be determined Irregular; round, Dis not appear particularly disc- shaped None stated; seemed like a bright light No details other than that shape was uniform with no protuberances None definite, but seemed flat on base with the top slightly rough in contour Round, disc-shaped No shape could be disting- uished Not stated, but report re- fers to "saucer" several times Same as Report No. 1l Flat object, of light-ro- flecting nature which appear- ed to be without vertical fin or any visible wings Es8-shaped, or like barrel head Circular in shape, like wagon wheel Resembled balloon Sound None None None None None None None None None None None None None Ira1l Vieather None CAVU None Not stated None Posaible vapor CAVU trails Clear moonlight None CAVU None None None None None CAVU junny CAVU CAVU Not stated None Bluish black trail approx. 15 mi. long None CAVU Clear with scat- tered cumulus at 8 to 10,000' Not stated LY

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This image contains all the information on the document. Report Number 1 Manner of Disappearance Climbed very fast and out of sight 3 Obscured by a cloud bank 5 Lost in brilliancy of the moon 6 Cannot explain, except that reflec- tion angle may have changed abruptly 7 9 Don't know whether they put on a tre menduous burst of speed, or disinteg- rated. However, they did disappear into sunset Unexplained 10 11 12 13 14 15 Disappeared at an angle of about 30° above the earth's surface Unexplained Unexplained Pilot (at 300MPH) attempted to keep object in sight, but unable to do so Unexplained Unexplained 16 Not stated 7 Remarks No definite shape could be determi and even with the aid of 4 to 6 pc er binoculars object could not be brought into focus Fron letter this observer wrote, i is obvious he is a well-educated person. Seeks no publicity. Observers (2 rated, 2 air intell.) phoned Field Ops to ascertain no scheduled experimental a/c were in vicinity. Sky chart attached to re Observer is Admin. Asst. in the Roc et Sonde ject. of NiL. Two other "scientists", and wife of one, wer in party and made same observation Observers were Pi'ot, Co-pilot, of scheduled UAL DC-3. Stewardess als saw objects. Suggest reading of ve detailed statements. When first sighting object near ho izon, observer looked at chart in his lap to check position. When he looked out windon again, object wa: off his left wing at 1l o'clock Rolled from side to side 3 times i: its path across the sky. Sun refle ed from top side, but never from w erside, even when turning None None Observer contacted bases in area w reported no a/c in air at time First 4 discs flying line-a-trail Seemed to cut clouds open as it passed thru. Trail was like beam seen after a high-powered landing light is switched off. Object was observed paralleling th course of a C-47 then landing•

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HEADQUARTERS FIFTEENTH A R FORCE Colorado Springs, Colorado 2. July 1947 SUBJECT: Supersonic Platters SUMMARY OF INFORMATION: The following information was related to Counter Intelligence Corps Personnel at Headquarters Fifteenth Air Force, Colorado Springs, Colorado on 27 June 1947 by Mr D. A. hauser, 24 North Chesnut Street, Colorado Springs Colorado, Mr. F. j. Smiti, 24 rairview, Manitou Springs, Colorado and Mir. L. D. Jamison, 2415 Vest Kiowa, Colorado Springs, Colorado. All three of the men are empolyees of the Pikes Peak Railwy, Manitou Springs, Colorado. "On or about 19 kay 1947 during their lunch period (121-1315) a men- ber of a train crew called attention to a silver object in the sky approaching from tre North Bast. It appeared to Le travelling at a great speed. All three men stated that the altitude of the object was very difficult to deter- mine because of its apparent smallness. They further stated that because of this it was difficult to view the object as being large and having high altitude or small and being at a relatively low altitude. They did say though that it appeared to be higher than the top of lanitou Mountain which is over 1000 feet higher than the shops which are situated at its base. No definate Bape of the object could be determined and even with the aid of binoculars it still could not be brought into focus. The binoculars used were of about 4 to 6 power• The men stated that they were cer ain that the object did not have any of the physical characteristics of modern conventional aircraft. The day was discribed as being clear and sunny with not a cloud in the sky andano ground wind. On reaching the area just North of lanitou Moutain the object remained in the immediate area for several minutes during which time it was seen to execute manuvers such as climbing, diving and reversal of direction of flight. This happened every few seconds. The distance and location between views prompted two of the men to think that there, were more of the unidentified objects in the sky. At times the object seened to hoveer in the air and then start on another path of flight. When last seen tre silver object was climb- ing very fast towards the liest almost directly into the wind. Previous distribution: Evalutation None of source of information DISTRIBUTION: Hq SAC 3 copies 1 vc/ 1

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MOOCAMA FORM NO. 8-506 31 MAY 1948 OKLAHOMA CITY AIR MATERIEL AREA TINKER FIELD OKLAHOMA CITY. OKLAHOMA IN REPLY REFER TOI #3724-I OCAPN/KDS: cp 24 July 1947 MEMORANDUM TO THE SECURITY OFFICER, OCAMA, TINK R FIELD. SUBJSCT: BYRON E. SAVAGE, Field Engineer, Radio Corporation of America, Dallas, Texas. (Residence: 416 N. W. 29th Street, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.) RE: Flying Disc. On 23 July 1947, BYRON B. SAVAGE was interviewed at his residence, 416 N. W. 29th Street, Oklahoma City, Cklahoma, relating to his alleged viewing of a flying disc over the vicinity of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Subject, whose age is 38, advised he is married and nas one child, and is presently the holder of a Private Pilot's License, No. 39101, (Single Engine, Land). Subject averred he has extensively studied electron- sound engineering and aeronautics, and his present occupation, which is Field Engineer for Radio Corporation of America, offices of which are located in Dallas, Texas, is that of installing theater sound equipment. SAVAGE stated that between the days 17 May to 21 May 1947, Just after dusk, he observed an object which he believed to be a small aircraft in the south. SAVAGE advised that the sun had just gone down and the moon had not arisen on the horizon. SAVAGE related that he and his wife had just departed their residence and had started to enter their car in the driveway at 416 N. W. 29th Street, Oklahoma City. He judged the time to be between 8:30 p.m. and 9:00 p.m., and the lights from the city of Oklahoma City appeared to be shining on this object when he first saw it. He judged the object to be about 160° in the south when he first saw it, and as it moved toward him he remarked to his wife that "a big white plane was coming over." SAVAGE stated that when this object was at a 45° angle from him, he realized it was not a conventional type aircraft, and it appeared elliptical at first and as it moved closer it appeared perfectly round and was flat. SAVAGE advised the object, which appeared to him as a disc, had no appearance of being spherical and had a ratio of diameter to the thickness of approxi- mately 10 to l, appearing thicker in the center, but this could not be positively ascertained. SAVAGE judged the object to be at an altitude of between 10,000 and 18,000 feet, and it left no trailing effects. SAVAGE related that it appeared to be in bulk as big as the bulk of six B-29s at an altitude of approximately the same height. SAVAGE advised that the object was in his vision approximately 15 to 20 seconds and travelled at a speed which he judged to be approximately three times that of jet-propelled aircraft. 1 see 116

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Memo to the Security Officer, OCAMA, Tinker Field, dtd 7/24/47, F1le 3724-1. SAVAGE stated that there were no protrusions on this object and as it went by he listened for a sound of noise, and at one time thought he dis- tinguished a swishing sound like the rushing of air. This swishing sound occurred a few seconds after this object had passed him. SAVAGE averred this sound was not very loud and did not last very long, and it is very possible that the sound could have been his imagination or expectation, as he was not sure of the sound. SAVAGE related that he called his wife to see this object but it had disappeared before she could focus her eyes on it. Subject stated that the object appeared to diminish in size and speed as it moved away, and it was moving in a direction of 350º to the north. Subject further stated that the object appeared to be frosty white in color at all times. SAVAGE advised that he has held a pilot's certificate since 1934 and has been flying since 1929. He advised that he would be glad to answer any further inquiries and will cooperate in every way possible. SAVAGE stated he was sure this object was not a meteor and in his opinion it must be radically built and powered, probably atonic. Kalman DSimon KALMAN D. SIMON C.I. U. S. Army 1e l16 2

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RESTRICTLD 181 Meridian Street Greenfield, Mnasachusetta July 10, 1947 Commanding Off1oer Westover Pield Chicopeo, Masachusette Dear 81rs After having road several nocounts of eye-witnesses who olaim they had seen the so-called "flying disos", It brought to mind a strange exper- lence I had some two weeks ago. The reason I write to you fe that radio and newspaper reporte state that the air forces have been alerted to investigate these mysterious objeots. Assuming that you are interested, I an making the following report in the belief that it might possibly be of help to you. I do not desire to have any kind of publioity whatsoever in this connection. About 11130 All, Sunday, June 22nd, I was working outdoors on a step- ladder, looking up, and suddenly there appeared soross my line of vision a speeding, brilliant, small, round-shaped, ilvery-white object at an altitude I would Judgo to be about 1,000 ft. or nore. It was noving vory fast in a atraight, northwesterly direotion,- I would say as fast or possibly faster than a speeding plane. It was so unusual and strange a sight that it arrest- ed my attention for about 8 or 10 seoonds until it was obscured by a cloud- bank. Inturally ny ouriosity was considerably aroused and I tried to think what this object might have been. I doubted very much that it could have been a weather baloon beause it wus not at all like any weather baloons I had seen The object I saw, although small, reflected the sunlight very strong- ly as though it wore of polished aluminum or silver, and I can assure you was very roal. It appeared to have an irregular round shape and while it could have been diso-shaped, it did not particularly impress ne as such. I have attempted to give you this information as acourately and olearly as I low how, free from any imagination or exaggeration. Purther- more, my experience took place before I had any inkling that "flying disca" were reported seen. This informtion is being passed on to you for whatever it may be worth, purely and simply in the interests of national seourity, and once. more request that you do not publioise my name. A CERTIFIED TRUB COPY • 3 ARCHIE P. ROY Captain, Air Corpe Sinceroly yours, /a/ Edward L. DeRose Edward Le DeRose AFBIR - CO Received ale, 47) 12

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HEADQUARTERS POURTH AIR PORCE Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff, A-2 Intelligence Henilton Pield, California 4APDA 333•5 ID 17 July 1947 SUBJECT: Invostigation of "Plying Disos" TO: commending General, Army Air Poroes, Washington 25, Do C. ATTENTION: AC of AS-2 1. Attached statements and MOICs forwerded to your offlee per request TVX from Headquarters Air Defense Command, Mitehel Field, N. Y., dated 10 July 1947. 2. This headquarters is unable to loote Richard Rankin, however, as soon as he 18 located, statement and MOIC will be forwarded direst to your office. 3• Infornation copies furnished Headquerters Air Defense Command. 4 Inels: 1• MOIC 16 Jul/Brom (dup) 2. MOIC 16 Jul/ Brown (dup 3. MOIC 16 Jul/ 3rown dup 4• MOIC 16 Jul/ Brown (dup) Info so to ADC DONALD L. SPRINGER Lt. Colonel, GSC AC of S, A-2 davia 539 4 ИдТИ IAL M3

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Incident 4AP 1208 I 16 July 1947 MEMORAN DUM FOR THE OFFICER IN CHARGE: 1. on 12 July 1947, a call was made at the newspaper office of the "Idaho Daily Statesman", Boise, Idaho. The aviation editor of the paper, ir. David N. Johnson, was interviewed in regard to how well he knew Mr. Kenneth Arnold of Boise, Idaho, and as to the credibility of any statement made by Mr. Arnold. The purpose of this intervier was an attempt to verify statenents made by Mr. Kenneth Arnold on 26 June 1947, to various national news services to the effect that he, la. Amold, had seen 9 objects flying in the air above the Cascade Mountain Range of lashington. These objects were subsequently referred to as flying saucers or flying disks and will here-in-after be referred to as such in this report. Mr. Johnson stated that he had know Mr. Arnold for quite a period of time, baving had relations with Mr. Arnold on various occasions, due to the fact that both he, ir. Johnson, and Mr. Arnold were private fliers and frequently got together to talk shop. Mr. Johnson stated that as far as he was concerned anything Mr. Arnold said could be taken very seriously and that he, Mr. Johnson, actually believed that Mr. Arnold had seen the aforementloned flying disks. Mr. Johnson stated that after Mr. Arnold reported having seen the flying disks, that the editor of the paper had assigned him, Mr. Johnson, the assignment of taking the airplane belonging to the newspaper and exhausting all efforts to prove or disprove the probability of flying disks having been seen in the northwest area. The results of this assignment to Mr. Johnson and what he subsequently saw is put forth in a sworn statement signed by Mr. Johnson attached to this report as Exhibit B. AGENT'S NOTBS: Mr. Johnson is a man of approximately 33 to 35 years of age. From all appearances he is a very reserved type of person. Mr. Johnson has logged 2300 hours of flying time in various types of airplanes up to and including multi-engine aircraft. During part of the war years, Mr. Johnson was the first pilot of a B-29 type aircraft being assigned to the Twentleth USAAF and stationed on Tinian Island, in the Pacific. It is the personal opinion of the interviewer that Mr. Johnson actually saw what he states that he saw in the attached report. It is also the opinion of the interviewer that Mr. Johnson would have much more to lose than gain and would have to be very strongly convineed that he actually saw something before he would report such an inoident and open himself for the ridicule that would accompany such a report. 1 Inel, Exhibit "g" • ME FO 29. 0000 116 FRANK M. BROWN, S/A, GIC 5th AP

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COPY, CONTAI THAT Statement of David N. Johnson at Boise, Idaho, July 12,, 1947 To Whom It May Coneern: On the sixth day of July, 1947, I received from James L. Brown, general manager of the Statesman Newspapers, incorporated in Idaho as The Statesman Printing company, an assignment which was in substance: "Conduct an aerial search of the northwest states in an effort to see and photograph a flying disc. Conduct this patrol for so long a time as you believe reasonable, or until you see a flying disc." In accordance to these instructions, I took the Statesman's airplane, and with Kenneth Arnold as passenger, flew a seven and one-half hour, mission on the seventh day of July, 1947. This mission was without result. It covered an area embracing the confines of the Fanford plant in Washington, and territory between and around it. Rainier and Mt. Adams, where Arnold first reported seeing objects henceforth described as saucers or discs. On the eighth day of July, 1947, I took an AT-6 of the 190th Fighter squadron, Idaho Nationel Guard, of which I am a member, and flew to northern Idaho, into northwestern Wontana briefly, to Spokene, Washington, and back to Boise by wey of alla Valle, Washington, and Pendleton, Oregon. This search also was negative. On the ninth day of July, 1947, I continued the search, again using a national guard AI-6, this time centerin, my efforts over the Owyhee mountains west and southwest of Boise, a portion of the Mountain Home desert on a treck southeast of the lountain Home army air base, thence into the Sawtooth moun- tains, and back in the general direction of Boise on a line carrying me well to the north of the Shafer butte forest service lookout station, into thö Horseshoe Bend area, and thence back in a southwesterly direction to a point s095.

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ONFI between Boise and the village of eridian, west of Boise a few miles. During this search, which lested approximately two and one-half hours, I flew under and around rapidly forming cumulus clouds over thet area known as the Camas Prairio, east of Boise. The clouds were near the village of Fairfield in that valley, and Fairfield is 75 miles airline distance east of Boise. At that time I saw nothing in the vicinity of these clouds. At the time I reached the point between Boise and Meridien, I was flying at an altitude of 14,000 feet mean sea level, which would be a mean average of 11,000 feet above the eerth in this area, not considering errors in the altimeter induced either by barometric chenges since my takeoff, or by the tempereture at that altitude. I turned the aircraft on en eusterly heading, pointing toward Gowen Field, and had flown on that course for perheps a minute when there suddenly appeared in the left hand portion of my field of vision an object which was black and round. I immediately centered my gaze on the object. At that time, due to its erratic movenent, I thought I was seeing a weather belloon. I called the CAA's communication station at Boise, and saked if the weather station had recently released a balloon. The reply from conmunicator Albertson was thet the bureau had not. I do not remember his exact words; I am under the impression he said "not for severel hours" or gave me the exact time of the previous release, which was around 06:30 that day• Upon hearing this response, I turned the aircraft broadside to the object, pulled beck the plexiglass covering to avoid any distortion, took my camera from the map case, and exposed about 10 seconds' duretion of eight millimeter motion picture film. During the time the camere was at eye level, 2a 95. 76

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I could not see the object because of minuteness of scope introduced by the optical view finder with which the camera, en f.1.9 Eastmen, was equipped. Taking the camera away and once again centering my gaze on the object, I observed it to roll so thet its edge was presented to me. At this time it flashed once in the sunlight. It then appeared as a thin black line. It then performed a maneuver which looked as if it had begun a slow roll, or a barrel roll, which instead of being completed, was broken off at about the 180-degree point. The object rolled out of the top of the maneuver at this point, and I lost sight of it. This entiro performance was observed against the background of clouds previously forming over the Cames Prairie. The object appeared to me, relatively, as the size of a twenty-five cent piece. I do not know how far away it was. I do not know, nor can I truthfully estimate, its speed. I can only say it was not an airplane, and if it was at a very great dis- tance from me, its speed was great, taking into consideration that apparent speed is reduced to the viewer if an object is a very great distance away. I forgot to look at my clock to determine the exact time I saw the object. The CAA's log of radio contacts shows my first contact to have been made at 12:17 hours. But a few seconds elapsed between the time I first saw the object, and the time I called the CAA's station. I subsequently related over the radio a description of what I saw, and communicator Albertson may remember it. The control tower may have a record- ing of the conversation. I have not checked to determine that. The purpose of my relating over the air what I saw was to enable rapid transmission of the report to the newspaper, for at that time I was on assignment and my energies thenceforth were devoted to (1) transmitting the infornation and (2) conducting a further search, which I did aftor landing for fuel and to make some telephone calls. se 85 ONI 77

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The next search, begun within half on hour after landing from the first one, consumed another two hours, but was negative. I explored thorough- ly the region where I saw the object. Innediately after sighting the object, I asked if there were other aircraft in the area. There was a P-51 of the 190th squadron practicing maneuvers in the vicinity of kuna, but that was behind ne. A C-82 passed over Boise, but I saw that aircraft go beneath me by some 2,000 feet. The P-5l in the vicinity of Kuna proceeded to the area where I saw the object, at my request, and conducted a search. It was negetive. During the afternoon, flights of P-Sis were sent out to cover the aree, and some of them flew high altitude missions on oxygen. These searches were negative. I was subsequently informed that personnel on both the United Air Lines side of Gowen field, and on the national guard side, observed a black object maneuvering in front of the same cloud formation, which by now had grown so that the clouds reached a probable height of 19,000 or 20,000 feet from a mean base of 13,500 or 14,000 feet, mean sea levél. Three of these men were national guard personnel and I talked to them, asking them to describe what they saw, before telling them my story, in order to avoid suggestion or inference of a leading nature. They sew the objoot (from the ground) while I was on my second search. They believed the time to have been 14:00 hours. The object performed in the seme erratic manner, they said, as I observed. The above is the extent of the story, and information concerning myself is now in order. I have approximately 2800 hours of flying time in equipment ranging from primary trainers to 8-29s. Of course, that does not increase my powers of observation except as to those practiced daily by an airmen. sa 85

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CONF MAIO It does not make my eyesight any sharper except again as to the inoidental demends upon the eyes of a pilot. At the, time of the experience related above, I had flown fourteen and one-half hours on an assignment to find a diso and if possible, to photograph it. In all frankness, I was tired. I may have been suffering, although slightly, from want of oxygon. Prior to sighting the object, I had concluded there was no point in pressing the search, that I probably would never see tho diso-1lke objects referred to by Arnold and by Captain Snith of United Air Lines. At all times during the search, both on that day and the two preceding days (particularly when I was with Arnold) I had literally talked to myself to keep beating into my head thet I would not fall viotin to the power of suggostion or self-hypnosis arising fron a naturally very intent desire to find a dise and bring sucoess to the assignment given me. I therefore do not beliove that I was the viotim of suggestion or hypnosis. I am femiliar with the optionl illusion of a fixed object begin- •ning to move after it is watched a sufficient longth of time. I know what tricks the eyes will play as to moving bodies, and have learned of this particularly during night fornation flying. I saw the object appear suddenly. If it had noved in a jerky fashion (as it did at first) for the full longth of time I observed it, I would not be so strong in saying thet I saw something not an aircraft, not a balloon, and not a corpuscle moving across the retina of either eye. The maneuver doseribed by the object when its eúgo was presented to no convincos no that I sew an object actually performing in an erratic flight path. The question rerains; of course, whether I saw it. the motion picture film, developad and processed by R. ". Stohr in the Bastran laboratorios at se95 CANI

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CONFIDENTIAL 241 Battery Streot, San Prancisco, showed no trace of any object. Stohr says that 1f It was more then a mile distant from ne at the size I described, the object would not have registered sufficiently on the film to be shown. He said it probably was too far away to be apperent even through great en- largement of the negative, and enlargement in that case is limited because of the size of the film and the fact I did not have any telescopic equipment on the lens. The exposure was f.16, stop set at infinity, at a speed of 16 frames per second. I have worried over this matter a great deal since seeing it. I "took myself asido" and said, "come now, Johnson, don't be stupid." But I cannot- bring myself to the point of thinking I did not see anything. The impression of the moment was too vivid, too realistic, and I knew in the air when I saw. that partial slow roll or barrel roll, that I was not a victim of illusion. I trust this matter will be of help to those investigating the flying dise phenomena which have been reported. A chart is attached depioting the movements of the object as I saw it. This statement is made voluntarily and freely, in response to the request of lir. Brown and Captain Davidson, who called on me this morning. /s/ David N. Johnson Subscribed and sworn to before me, a notary public, this_ 12th day of July, 1947. / s/ Geo. L. Flaherty Notery public for Ade county Idaho. My commission expires den 2, 1949• COPY CONFIDENTIAL 95 8

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Chart to which reference is made on page six, statement of David N. Johnson. 30 - - • This design portrays the movements of the object to which reference is made in the attached statement. At all times the object appeared as black. Positions (1), (2) and (3) show the jerky, rising motion. Position (4) 1s where the object rolled, presenting its edge to me. It then followed the dotted line, rolling over the top of the maneuver and disappearing at position (5). COA

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Incident 4А7 1208 I 16 July 1947 MEMORAN DOM FOR THS OFFICER IN CHAROBA * - On 12 July 1947, Mr, Kenneth ArnolA, Ber 387, Boise, Idaho as interviewed in regard to the report by ir. Arnold that he saw ! strange objects flying over the Cascade Mountain Range of Washingtan State on July 25th. Mr. Arnold voluntarily Agreed to give the interviewer a written report of exactly what he had seen on the above mentioned date. The written report of Mr. Arnold is attached to thia report as lahibit A. AGENT'S NOTES: Mr. Arnold la a man of 32 years of ago, being married and the father of two children. Re to well thought of in the comunity in wideh he lives, being very mch the fanily man and from all appearances a very good provider for lie fantly. ir. Arnold has recently purchased a home on the outakirta of Boise, recently purchased a $5,000 airplane in which to conduet his business to the extent of which is explained in the attached. exhibit. It la the personal opinion of the interviewer shat Mr. Arnold actually saw what he stated that he san. It is diffloult to belleve that a man of ir. Amold's sharacter and apparent integrity would state that he saw objeets and write up a report to the extent that he did 1f he did not seeither. To go further, 1f Mr. Arnold can write a report of the charaster that he did while not having seen the objects that he claimed he saw, it 1s the opinion of the interviewer that ir. Arnold la in the wrong business, that he should be writing Buck Rogers fletion. Mr. Arnold is very outspoken and somewhat bitter in his opinions of the leaders of the U.S. Arry Air Forces and the Pederal Bureau of Investigation for not having made an investigation of thie matter sooner. To put all of the statements nade by Mr. Amold in thia report iould make it a veluminous volume. However, after having checked an aeronautical nap of the area over which Mr. Arnold claims that he saw the objects it was determined that all statements nade by Mr. Arnold in regard to the distances Involved, speed of the objects, sourse of the objecte and sise of the objects, could very possibly be facts. The distances mentioned by Mr. Arnold in his report are within a short distance of the actual distances on aeronautical charts of this area, although Me. Arnold has never consulted aeronautical charts of the type the Aruy uses. Mr. Arnold stated that his business had suffered greatly since his report on July 25 die to the fact that at every stop on his business routes, large crorde of people were waiting to quention his as to just what he had seen. Mr. Arnold stated further thit 1f he, it any time in the future, saw anything in the sky, to quote Mr. Arnold direetly, "If I saw a ten story butlding TO MA NO OF ES лен6 PRANK M. BROK, 3/A, gIG 4th 89-

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Best Possible Image Inaldent LAT 1208 I Tying through the air X wald never ca faet that he has been zieseled by the 1a practically a moron in the aye the United States. пога Bu ch 18° an arter shat 1 Imela Bahibit A® 1138 TOY MA, NO 8Y

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COPY. INFIDENTIAL SOME LIFE DATA ON KENNETH ARNOLD I was born March 29, 1915 in Subeka, Minnesota. My father's name was Edward Erb Arnold; my mother's maiden name was Bertha E. Barden. I was a resident of Minnesota until I was six yeers old when my family moved to Scobey, Montana, where they homesteaded. My grandfather, Roland C. Arnold also homesteaded in Scobey, Montana, and became quite prominent in political cirolos along with Burton K. Wheeler, the famous Montana senator. I went to grade school and high school at Winot, North Dakota. I entered scouting at twelve years of age and achieved the rank of Eagle scout before I was fourteen. My former scout executive was i. H. Prescott, now a regional commissioner for the Boy Scouts in Kanses City, Kansas. As a boy, I was interested in athletics and was selected es an all- state end in 1932 and 1933 in the state of lorth Dakota. I entered the U. S. Olympio trials in fancy diving in 1932; I was a Rod Cross Life Saving Exeminer during the years of 1932, '33 and '34. I taught swimning and diving • at scout camps and the municipal pool in Minot, lorth Dakots. I went to the University of Minnesoto, where I swam and did faney diving under Neils Thorpe, and also played football under Bernie Bierman, but upon entering college I was unable to continue my football career because of an injured knee. My high sohool football coach was Glenn L. jarrett, who is now the head football coach of the University of North Dakota. I had little or no finances, and my ambition in furthering my education in college was through my athletics: As a boy in Minot, lorth Dekote, I did a good deel of dog sled recing, placed first with my dog in 1930 in the Lions Club Dog Derby• In 1939 I went to work for fed Comet, Ince of Littleton, Coloredo, a manufacturer of autonatic fire fighting apparatus. In 1939 I was made district manager for them over a part of the western stetos, and in 1940 I EXHIBIT "д" 20ll6 CONFIDENTIAL 84

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ONFI established my own fire control supply lnown as the Great Western Fire Control Supply• I have been working as an independent fire control engineer since, and I handle, distribute, sell and install all types of automatic and manual fire fighting equipment in the rural areas over five western, states.* My flying experionce started as a boy in linot, liorth Dakota, where I took my first flying losson from Earl T. Vance, who wes originally from Great Pells, Montana. Due to the high cost at that time, I was unable to continue my flying and did not fly of any great consequence until 1943. • I was given my pilot certificate by Ed Leach, a senior CAA inspector of Portland, Oregon, and for the last three years have owned my own airplane covering my entire territory with same and flying from forty to one hundred hours per month since. Due to the fact that I use an airplane entirely in my work, in January of this year I purchased a new Callair airplane, which is an airplane designed for high altitude take-offs and short rough field use. In the typo of flying I do, it tekes a great deal of practice and judgment to be able to land in most any cow pasture and get out without injuries your airplane; the runways are very limited and the altitude is very high in some of the fields and places I have to go in my work. To date, I have landed in 823 cow pastures in mountain meadows, and in over a thousand hours a flat tire has been my greatest mishap. CONFIDENTIAL 85-

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C OP Y TIAL BY KENNETH ARNOLD The following story of what I observed over the Cascade mountains, as impossible as it may seem, is positively true. I never asked nor wanted any notoriety for just accidently being in the right spot at the right time to observe what I did. I reported something that I know any pilot would have reported. I don't think that in any wey my observation was due to any sensivity of eye sight or judgment than what is considered normal for any pilot. On June 24th, Tuesday, 1947, I had finished my work for the Centrel Air Service at Chehalls, lashington, and at about two o'olock I took off from Chehalis, Washington, airport with the intention of coing to Yakina, Wash. My trip was delayed for an hour to search for a large merine transport that supposedly went down near or around the southwest side of it. Rainier in the state of lashington and to date has never been found. I flew direotly toward lit. Rainior after reaching an altitude of about 9,500 feet, which is tho approximate elevation of the high plateau from which Mt. Rainer rises. I had made one sweep of this high plateau to the westward, searching all of the various ridges for this marine ship and flew to the west down and near the ridge side of the canyon where Ashford, lashington, is located. Unable to see anything thet looked like the lost ship, I made a 360 degree turn to the right and above the little city of Mineral, starting again toward Mt. Rainier. I climbed back up to an altitude of approximately 9,200 feet. The air was so smooth that day that it was a real pleasure flying and, as most pilots do when the air is smooth and they are flying at a higher altitudo, I trimmed out my airplane in the direction of Yakima, Washington, which was almost directly east of my position end simply sat in my plane ob- serving the sky and the terrain. 7ull6 CONFIA ITTAT.

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ONFI MALA There was a DC-4 to the left and to the rear of me approximately fifteen miles distance, and I should judgo, at 14,000 foot elevation. The sky and air was as clear as crystal. I hadn't flown more than two or three minutes on my course when a bright flash reflected on my airplane. It startled me as I thought I was too close to some other air- oraft. I looked every place in the sky and couldn't find where the reflec- tion had cone from until I looked to the left and the north of lit. Rainier where I observed a chain of nine peculiar looking nircraft flying from north to south at approxinately 9,500 foot elevation and going, seemingly, in a definite direction of about 170 degrees. They were approaching It. Rainier very rapidly, and I nerely assumed they were jet planes. Anyhow, I discovered that this was where the reflec- tion had come from, as two or three of them every few seconds would dip or change their course slightly, just enough for the sun to strike them at an angle that reflected brightly on my plane. These objects being quite far away, I was unable for a few seconds to make out their shape or their formation. Very shortly they approached Mt. Rainier, and I observed their outline against the snow quite pleinly. I thou ht it was very peculiar that I couldn't find their tails but assumed they were, some type of jet plane. I was determined to clock their speed, as I had two definite points I could clock them by; the air was so clear that it was very easy to see objects and determine their approximate shape and size at almost fifty miles that day. I remember distinctly that my sweep second hand on my eirht day clock, which is located on my instrument panel, read one minute to 3 P.M. es the first object of this formation passed the southern edge of It. Reinier. I watched these objects with great interest as I had never before observed salb CONF R /

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CONT airplanes flying so close to the mountain tops, flying directly south to southeast down the hog's back of a mountein renge. I would estimate their elevation could have varied a thousand feet one way or another up or down, but they were pretty much on the horizon to me which would indicate they. were near the same elevation es I was. They flew like many times I have observed geese to fly in a rather diagonal chein-like line as if they were linked together. They seemed to hold a definite direction but rather swerved in and out of the high mountein peaks. Their speed at the time did not impress me particularly, because I knew that our army and air forces had planes that went very fast. What kept bothering me as I watched them flip and flash in the sun right along their path was the fact thot I couldn't make out any teil on them, and I am sure that any pilot would justify more than a second look at such a plane. I observed them quite pluinly, und I ostimate my distence from them, which was elmost at right angles, to be between twenty to twenty-five miles. I knew they must be very large to observe their shepe at that distance, even on as clear a day as it was thet fuesdey. In feet I compared a zeus fastorier or cowling tool I had in my pocket with them - holdin; it up on them end holding it up on the DC-4 - thet I could observe at quite a distance to my left, and they seemed smaller then the DC-4; but, I should judre their span would have beon as wide as the furtherest engines on each side of the fuselege of the DC-4. The more I observod these objects, the more upset I became, as I am accustomed and femilior with most all objects Plying whether I am close to the ground or at hicher altitudes. I observed the chein of these objects passins another high snow-covered ride in between lit. Reinier and lt. Adams, 1a06 28

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SON. and as,the first one was passing the south crest of this ridge the last object was entering the northern crest of the riage. As I was flying in the direction of this particular ridge, I measured it and found it to be approximately five miles so I could safely assume that the chain of these saucer like objects were at least five miles long. I could quite accurately determine their pathway due to the fact that there were several high peaks thet were e little this side of them as well as higher peaks on the other side of their pathway. As the last unit of this formation pessed the southern most high snow- covered crest of it. Adans, I looked at my sweep second hand and it showed that they had travelled the distance in one minute and forty-two seconds. Even at the time this timing did not upset me as I felt confident after I would land there would be some explanation of what I sew. A number of news men and experts suggested that I might have been seeing reflections or even a mirage. This I know to be absolutely felse, as I observed these objects not only through the gloss of my airplene but turned my airplane sideways where I could open my window and observe them with a complotely unobstructed view. (Without sun glasses) Even though two minutes seems like a very short time to one on the ground, in the air in two minutes time a pilot can observe a great meny things and anything within his sight of vision probably as many as fifty or sixty times. I continued my search for the marine plane for another fifteen or twenty minutes and wile searching for this marine plone, what I had just observed kept going through my mind. I became more disturbed, so after taking a last look at Tieton • Reservoir I headed for Yakina. I might add that my complete observation of these objects, which' I could aren follow by their flashes as they passed Mt. Adams, wes around two NTIAL sant 89

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and one half or three minutes -- although, by the tine they reached lt. Adams they were out of my renge of vision as fer as determining shape or forn. Of course, when the sun re lected from one or two or three of these units, they appesred to be completely round; but, I em making a drawing to the best of my ability, which I em including, es to the sheve I observed these objects to be as they pessed the snow covered rides as well as to Rainier. whon those objects were flying approximately streicht and level, they wore just a black thin line and when they flipped wes the only time I could get a juagment as to their size. These objects wer holding an alnost, constant elevetion; they did not seem to be goin up or to be coming, down, such as would be the case of rockets or artillery shells. I am convinced in ny own mind that they were some type of airplane, even thouth they didn't contorn with the many aspocts of tho conventional type o? planes that I know. Although these objects have been reported by many other observers throu hout the United States, there rave been six or seven other accounts written by some of those observers thet I can truthfully sey must have ob- served the same thing that I did; perticularly, the descriptions of the three Western/Re La rat/em toyees, the/eRtletan from Oklahoma Caty and the Locomo- tive engineer in Illinois, plus Cept Smith and Co-Pilot Stevens of United Air Lines Some descriptions could not be very accurate taken from the ground unless these saucer-like disks were at quite a great height and there is a possibility that all of the people who observed peculiar objects could heve seen the seme thing I did; but, it would heve been very difficult from the ground to observe these for more then four or fivo seconds, and there is nlwys the possibility of atmospheric moisture and dust near the ground which could distort one's vision. I have in my possession letters from all over the United States end people who profess that these objects have been observed over other portions of the 98

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world, principally Sweden, Bermuda, and California. I would have given almost anything that day to have had a novie •camera with a telephoto lons and from now on I will never be without one - - but, to continue further with my story. When I landed at the Yakine, Wash., airport I described what I had seon to my vory good friend, Al Baxter, who listoned patiently and was, very courteous but in a joking way didn't believe me. I did not accurately messure the distance between these two mountains until I landed at Pondloton, Oregon, that same day wore I told a number of pilot friends of mine what I had observed and they did not seoff or laugh but suggested they might be puided missiles or something new. In fect several former Army pilots informed me thet they had been briefed before oing into combat overseas that they might see objects of similar shope and design es 1 described and assured me that I wasn't dreaming or going crazy• I quote Sonny Robinson, a former Army Air Forces pilot who is now opera- ting dustin operations at Pendleton, Oregon, "ihat you observed, 1 an con- vinced, is some type of jot or rocket propellad ship thut is in the process of being tested by our government or even it coull possibly be by some foreign governnent". Anyhow, the news that i lnd observed these sproas vor rapidly und before the nicht was over I was receiving telephone cells Cron all parts of the world; and, to date 1 hive not received one telophone ell or one letter of scotting or disbelief. the only aisbelief that I know of was what was printed in the papers. I 100k at this whole ordeel as not something funny as some people heve made it out to bo. To me it is righty serious end since I evidently did observe sonothing that at least r. John voe on the street corner or Pete Andrews on the ranch hes never heard about, is no ranson that it does not exist. Even though I openly invited an investiration by the Army end the 9 i

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FBI as to the authenticity of my story or a mentel or a physicel exemination at to my capabilities, I heve received no interest from these two importent protective forces of our country; I will fo so far as to assume thet any report I gave to the United and Associated Press end over the radio on two different occasions which apperently set the nation buzzing, if our Mlitery Intelligence was not aware of whet I observed, they would be the very first people that I oould expect as visitors. I havo received lots of requests from people who told me to make a lot of wild guesses. I heve based what I have written here in this article on positive facts and as far as uessing what it wes I obsorvod, it is just as much a mystory to me as it is to the rest of the world. My pilot's license is 333487. I Ply a Collair airplone; it is a three- plece single onsino land ship that is desi ned and manufuctured et Afton, nyoning as on oxtronoly high performones, high altitude eirplane that ves made for mountrin work. The netional certificate of my plane is 33355. /s/ Kenneth Arnold Box 587 Boise, Idaho. traveling this way Top They seemed longer then wide, their thickness was about 1/20th of their width side View trading the s Mirror Bricht hey did not apponr to me to whirl or spin but seemed in fixed position, traveling as I hove mao arenin• /s/ Kenneth Arnold salle 90-

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PECT HEADQUARTERS TACTICAL AIR COMMAND LANGLEY FIELD. VIRGINIA 7 July 1947 IN REPLY REFER TO: SUBJECT: Roport of Unusuel Colostial Phenomonn TO: Assistant Chief of Staff, 4-2 Headguarters Tactical Air Commund Langley Field, Virginia Keeuved AFBIR. LO July I. The following report is submitted concerning an unusual occur- rence observed by bhe muti diazy-a Porsonnel at lazell Fiold, Montgonory, Ala. on the night of 28 June 1947: САРТ муко, 0-33841, 49, ТАС CAPT• JOHN H. CANTRELL, 0-25540%, Hq, TAC IST LT. THEODORE DEWEY, 0-2094172, Mg, TAC CAPT. REDIAN, Randolph Fiold, Texas 2. At approxinately 2120 Central time, a light, with a brillianco slightly greater than a star, apposred fran the Wost. It was first noted above the horizon of a clour moon-light night, traveling in an easterly direction at a high rate of spood. There was no audible sound and it was imposcible to dotornine the altitude, except that it appoared to be at great height. It travoled in a zig zag courso with frequent bursts of spoed, Anuch liko a water bug as it spurts and stops across the surface of wator. It contimed until it was directly ovorhead and changod course 900 into the south. Aftor traveling in the above mannor for approxinately five (5) minutes, it turnod southwest and was lost in the brillianey of the moon. at 2145 Contral it vas no longer possiblo to observe it. 3. A call vas placod to Maxwell Fiold operationa referenco this phenomena and inquiry nade if any exporimental aircraft vero schoduled for a flight in the vicinity. The reply was negative. 4• No plausible explantion is offered for the unusual action of this source of light, which acted contrary to any comnon aerodymunical laws. This report is submitted upon request, in view of the many recent reports referenco unusual aerial objects observed throughout the U.s. 5. Two of the above noted observers are rated pilots and the other two are air intolligence officero. All observers were cold sober. Crood 6• Attached herewith a sketch showing approximate course of RECTRICTED Whim H./Cu WILSON HI. KAYKO Captain, Air Corps 5 ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO: COMMANDING GENERAL. TACTICAL AIR COMMAND 93.

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W N mon 5 RED PICTED palm stu RESTRICTED lu 94

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ADDRESS REPLY TO - DIRECTOR, NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATO WASHINGTON 20, D. C. AND REFER TO: Code 110 ARMY LIAISON OFFICE NAVY DEPARTMENT NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY WASHINGTON 20, D.C. BIR 18 July 1947 SUBJECT: Interviev of Person Reporting Unidentifled Aerial Objeet TO: Asst Chief of Air Staff-2 Collection Branch, AAF Washington 25, D. C. 1. At the request of It. Col. G. D. Garrett, AAF A-2, the undersigned has interviewed this date Mr. C. H. Zohn, Administrative Assistant in the Rocket Sonde Section, NRL, who had previously released information to the press regarding an aerial object which he stated he saw at White Sands, New Mexico, 29 June. 2. Substance of the interview is as follows: At between 1:00 and 1:30 p.m. Sunday, 29 June 1947, Mr. Zohn, in the company of the following: Mr. J. R. Kauke, NRL Rocket Sonde Section telemetering supervisor; Mr. C. C. Rockwood, NRL Rocket Sonde high altitude spectrograph scientist; and Mrs. Naney Rockwood, wife of the latter, was proceeding along Highway 17 in a North-Easterly direction from Las Cruces, New Mexico to White Sands V-2 firing grounds in an automobile driven by Mr. Kauke. At some time between those given and about one-third of the distance from Las Cruces Mr. Kauke, who was driving the ear, noticed the subject device and called attention to the other occapants. Mr. Zohn opened the window nearest him and observed the object moving at an unknown rapid velocity at an unknown altitude, which he estimated at about 10,000 feet, and which Mr. Kauke, who also observed it through an open window, estimated at between 8,000 and 10,000 feet, although the former puts little credence in the estimates. When firet sighted the object was to the right and forward of the automobile at an unstated elevation and was apparently moving horizontally in a Northerly direction such as to cross the highway from right to left. The object was observed by all persons in the automobile. Mr. Zohn stated that he could not observe any details of the object other than that 1ts shape was uniform, with no protuberances sch as the wings of an airplane. It was too distant to epable stereoscopie visualization. There was apparently some solar specular reflection which seemed to change. in intensity as the object receded until it was lost from sight after an estimated 30 seconds from the time first noticed. He could not explain how it disappeared except perhaps that the reflection angle may have changed abruptly. There were apparently no clouds or visibility obstructions at the time. The sun was to the rear of the automobile. Mr. Kauke thought that at one time he saw vapor trails. 6

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Itr, ALO, NRL, 18 July 47 to Asst Chief Air Staff-2, Collection Br., AAF, subj: "Interview of Person Reporting Unidentified Aerial Object" 3. This interview was made in the presence of Dr. H. E. Newell, Acting Rocket Sonde Section Head, who said that Mr. Zohn had recently been in the Navy and is familiar with the appearance of the majority of aircraft types and with meteorological balloons. Mr. Zohn also stated that none of the occupants of the car were intoxicated. Dilliam 1. Millen WILLIAM P. MELLEN Major, Air Corps AMC Liaison Officer

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IAPERTLENT REPORT SUDJECT: Interviews with Capt. B. v. SKITH and Ralph Stovens, Ünited Air Lines pilots, who reported seeing flying disks. the nyang dako", it at intervie youly 1947, concorins "iTe left Boise, Idaho, at 2004 Pecific Standard line. At approximately 2015, the co-pilot, Ralph STEVENS, called my attention to the first object We were then in the vicinity of Emmet, Ideho, our altitude wes app- roximately 6500, and we were climbing to our proposod cruising altitude of 3000 from there to Pondleton, Oregon. The heding of the plane at that time was 300 degrees Magnetic North, and the object (one) was sighted at approx- imately 290 degrees, or ten degrees to our left. Then an additional four objacts appeared to the left of the main, or first, object. These four objeate appeared slightly smeller than the first object slghted, but all of the objects appearad on the same plane. I estimated the altitude of the objects to be about 8500. They were within our sight for epproximatoly two minutes, then they disappeared. "Shortly after the first group disappeared, probably one or two minutes later, the second group eppeared about 310 degrues, or to the right of the plane. Their altitude was the samo as the first group. Three of the objects eppeared to be on the same plane, and one object appeared slightly higher and to the right of the others. The seoond group steved within our sight twelve to fifteen minutes, then disappeared. We had levelled off by the time the second group disappeered. "The objects were flat on the base, the top slightly rough in contour. The dimensions appeared the samo as a DC-3 approximately five miles from из . In other words, it could have been ninety miles away if it would be possible for an object as largo se that would have to be to be flying, but since we didn't mow wat me were looking at or how largo it was, we de- cided that if it were the size of a DC-3 wing span (90 feet), it was about five miles distent. Actually, we have no idea just how large it was since we could not determine its distance from us. When we first sighted the objects, we decided they were either going away from us or coming towards us. After a short while, however, we knew they couldn't be coming towards us, bacause we never approached them. I don't believe they could have been going a great rate of speed and still stayed in sight for as long as they did. I would judge they might have beon travelling about 300 miles per hour. "My personal opinions regarding the objects are - that their speed varied, was not constent. When first sighted, they were going slow and stayed within sight for quite some time. However, when we lost sight of them, they seemed to disappear practically immediatoly. I think they either put on a tremendous burst of speed and disappeared from sight, or else they dissipated. Also, it appeared that only one object, the large one, was controlled, and it in turn controlled the other objects, and I think they were ground controlled. 8 97

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C O - P - "In both instances, the co-pilot sighted the objects first and called my attention to them. The weather was cloar and unlimited, with not a cloud in the sky. We checked the wind, and it was 230-10, or out of the Southwest at ten miles per hour. The air speed of the ship was about 135 MPH. The sun was below the horizon and the objects were silhoueted against the sky, hence we could distinguish no color or reflection." - Ralph STEVENS, co-pilot of the plane, was interviewed et 2130, 9 July 1947. STEVENS corroborated the remarks made by SMITH concerning the flight of the plane, the time the objects were sighted, direction of the flight of the plane, etc. There were two discrepancios in their statements as to the size of the smaller objects and the altitude at which they were flying. STEVENS stated that there was a big difference in the size of the large objects and the smaller ones, and that it was hard to distinguish the shepe of the smaller ones. STEVENS also steted that the objects were at the same altitude as their plane and seemed to be climbing with them. In addition to confirming SMITH'S statements concerning the flight, etc., STEVENS stated substantially as follows: "I was flying the plane when I spotted the first object et 2012 on the 4th of July, eight minutes after departure from Boise, Idaho. I thought it was an oncoming aircraft similar to ours (DC-3) about five miles away, so turned on our landing lights, which is the usual signal to another plane to let it know you're in the vicinity. I mentioned this fact to SMITH, and he watched the object also. While we were both watching, four more objects appeared at the same altitude as the first. They seemed to be et the sene altitude as our plane, about 6000 feet. They were heading about 290 degrees magnetio North, so I turned to follow them. We watched them for four or five minutes, then they all merged as one and disappeared. I don't know whether they merged in line of flight or not, nor do I know whether they went beyond our vision or whether they dissipated. "Two minutes later, the large object reappeared with three smaller ones on its loft and one smaller one a great distance to the right. We had the second group in sight for about twelve minutes. The last time seen, they were still in that formetion and disappeared into the sunset. Also, when we last saw them, they seemed to have continued climbing aftor we levelled off and were about nine or ten thousand feet. "At the time we saw the objects, the sun war below the horizon, but there was quite a bright red glow above the horizon from the sunset. I couldn't really say what distance they were from us, not knowing what they were or how large they were. However, while we wero watching them we radiod ahead to Ontario, Oregon, about thirty miles distant, to the weather station there, and told them what we were seeing and asked them to go out- side and see if they could see them. They radioed back and said they could - 2 - 98

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COPY see nothing, so the objects could have been beyond Ontario, since we had told them that they were between our plane and Ontario. It should also be noted that the personnel at Ontario would be looking at a dark sky and may not be likely to be able to see them anyway. "I can't say whether they are man-made disks or not, whether they are radio controlled or not, or anything about them. They did not maneuver much at all, except when the first group merged. All I can say is that they were going our direction and were climbing. I don't think they were clouds, as there hadn't been a cloud in the sky, end it would have been quite a phen- -omenon as it was like nothing I had ever seen before. There was a big dif- ference in the size of the objects. The smaller ones were hard to distinguish as to shape; they were not shiny, nor did the "flip". I couldn't swear on a stend that they were not clouds, but I think it impossible. lad they been clouds, they wouldn't have appeared and disappeared so suddenly, and we would have approached them. "As we were taxiing out to take off from Boise, the tower called us and asked us if we had seen any disks lately. As a consequence, we were and had been talking about the flying disks when we sighted them. I don't believe, however, that it was a figment of the imagination, as SMITH and I were seeing the seme things, even the object far off to tho right in the second group. We also called the stewardess, who had not been in on the conversation, and without mentioning "disks" aksed her what she saw. She stated that she saw the sane things we did, which seemed to prove to us that it was not our imagination." In addition to the above, STEVENS statod, off the record, that he was rather disappointed in SNITH end all the publicity he was getting. ie thought that SMITH was probably "grand-standing" some, and that as far as he, StEVENS, was concerned, he was not going to be interviewed by any re- porters, or go on the radio, etc. de stated that he was glad to talk to a Navy representative about it, or to any other government official, and help in any way he could, but he certainly didn't want to be bothered with a lot of interviews with newspapers and radio stations. STEVENS seemed to the writer to be e very level headed, sensible man, and not in favor of a lot of publicity, mereas SMITIl, although a sensible man and all, seemed to be more in favor of all the publicity he was getting• - end - - 3 -

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Incident 4AF 1208 I 16 July 1947 MEMORANDUM FOR TIE OFFICER. IN CHARGE: 1. On 12 July 1947, Captain Snith, of the United Airlines, was interviered at the Boise Municipal Airport, Boise, Idaho. Captain Smith was passing through Boise on a schedule flight at the time and had a 20 minute stop-over. Captain Smith reiterated the statements originally made by him to the press as to what he had seen in the late evening of July 4th, when 8 minutes out of Boise on the route to Seattle, Washington. It is the opinion of the interviever that due to the postion Captain Snith occupies, that he, Captain Smith, would have to be very strongly convinced that he actually saw flying disks before he would open himself far the ridicule attached to a report of this type. FRANK M. BROWN, S/A, CIC Lth AF

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IN REPLY RIFIER TOI HEADQUARTERS, ARMY AIR FO WASHINGTON 16 July 1947 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN I, Major Archie B. Browning, AC, do hereby swear, thie dete, that the following statements are true to the best of ny knowledge: 'On 6 July 1947, while flying from Ogden, Utah, to Kansas City, Missouri, at 10000 ft in a 3-25, I noticed a very bright object low and to my left, epproxinately 10 miles away. Time was 1:45 P.M., and position approximately 100 miles west of Kansas City. My first impression was that it was the top of a water tank. After checking my position on the map I again - looked to ny left (elapsed time 5 seconds). A round, disc shaped object, very bright and silvery colored, seemed to be Nying one to two miles off my left wing at ll oclock at 11000 ft. The brightness of the object which I would estimate at 30-50 ft. in diameter, was very great. It seemed to be traveling in same direction at same rate of speed (210 MPH until I started to tum into it, then it completely disappeared. Weather conditions at that time were CAVU.' Hes office is assigned to poutagon AC /AS -1, 13852 phone lechie B Brama ARCHIS B. BROWNING Major, Air Corps 9 (Sue attached dingeam Y TO COMMANDING GENERAL, ARMY AIR FORCES, WASI NOTON 28 Received AFDIR-CO 16 gly 4) D, C. 101

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SUN

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RESTRICTED After having been advised of ay rights and privileges under the 24th Artlele of Mar, I, JAD H. BURNTSTON, Captala, Air Corpo, 0-66 7527, Second Air Transport Wing (Provisiom]), Pairfield-Susaun Army Air Base, Pairfiold, California, do hereby mice this voluntary statement to Captain William 3. Prasier, Jr., and Sgt. Tommy Stewart, whon I know to be members of the Intelligence Offioe. I mice the following statement of my own free will, not under duress, promineof reward or imunity» On Sunday, July the sixth, at Fairflold-Suisun Army Air Base, while in the company of my wifo, Mrs. James H. Barniston, I saw an objeet travel- ing fron northwest to southeast at an estimated height of 10,000 feet or above at an eroessive rate of speed estimated to be faster than any type of airoraft seen by ne flown at that approximate altitude. This object a in sight for approximately sixty seconds, during which time it traveled apprezinately three-quartere the distance of the viaible sky. No shape or definite color could be distinguished, the objeet rolled from side to side three times in its path across the sky. At one time the top of the objeot could be seen, when the sun reflected strongly fron its surface in a flash; and at other times the botton of the object could be seen, with no refleo- tion tron the sun. The estimated size at that height sould be compared to that of an afroraft of the type C-54. Between viewing the top of the objeet and what appeared to be the botton, there ma a period when it was hard to see, or it would almost disappoar. grees above the earth's surface. cannot attribute any sound to this objeet, because of the nois e a distant aireraft engine the approximte time was verified by my wife as being less than one mimte, during which time it was in sight. then the spoed at which it me traveling. 200đ te 1a1 roton Винтива Captain, Air Corpe Received AFBIR-CO 23 Jaly 47 RESTRICTED 103

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BROADWAY 4 Civil Air Patrol AUXILIARY OF THE U. S. ARMY AIR FORCES WISCONSIN WING HEADQUARTERS 161 W. WISCONSIN AVENUE MILWAUKEE 3, WIS. 7 July 1947 Recewed AFBIR-CO SUBJECT: Report on 21/1n Saucers. T0: Commanding Genernl 32d AAT Base Unit Bolling Tield Washington, D. C. 1. Followin: are statistion regarding reports by four witnesses wille in 111 ht in two airplanes. Weather CAYU. Visibility exceptionally good. Sent- tered altocuulus 6000 feet. 3• First reportatime 1145 hours CST. Alt. of observers 800 feet above the ground. Altitude of seucer 4000 febt VSu. Observed-period - First sighted over Koshiconong, Wisconsin. Flight was observed from town of Koshiconous to alchorn, Wisconsin. This flight covered twenty-five (25) miles in fifteen (15) seconds, which 1e a speed of ala thougend (6000) miles per hour. 4. Second reports Dime 1'130 hours OSI. Altitude of observers thirty-five hundred feet (3500) VSL. Altitude of snucer twenty-five hundred feet (2500)• Observation period. Observers at Enst froz, Wisconsin, flight observed from Engle, Wisconsin to Mueleso, Wisconsin• This 111ght covered twenty-two (22) miles in twenty (20 seconds, which 1s a speed of three thousand nine hudred sixty (3960) miles ner hour. 5• Fight maneuvers: Firet observation-snucer descended verticall+ edgewise through altocunlus clouds, stopped nt four thousand (4000) feet and assumed horizontel position and proceeded in horizontl flight from a horizontal poeition for fifteen (15) seconds covering twenty- five (25) miles and agnin stopped and disappeared. Observed in horizontal flicht in a horizontnl attitude for e eriod of twenty (20) seconds covering twenty-two (22) milea. B. the time the pilot had removed his canera from the clove compartment of his plane, the saucer disappenred and again rea eared approximately ten (10) miles farther nong its courge arter nix (6) seconds maling ith 2inal dis- appearance. > -311 02 The first two obgervers vere on instructor and a student, having just talen off fron Michom Airport. The second two observers, one Cap'to R. j. Southey, hindi er, Двір- i senger. Corps, MI-CAP a loison O29icor. 7x 4

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WAR DEPARTMENT ASSIFIED MESSAGE CENTER INCOMING CLASSIFIED MESSAGE Sharlad m CON ZONE RAN IVI IRIORITY PARA PHRASE NOT REQUIRED. HANDLE AS CONFIDENTAL COR - RESPONDENCE PER PARAS 511 and 60a (4) AR 380-5 Recewed AFBIR-CO From: CG EBAMA San Bernadino Calif To: 010 : CO AAF WaSh DC atin AC/AS 2, Counter Intelligence Divisions CA Sixth Army, Attn: AC/s, G 2; CG Hq AMC thru Sacramento AMA, Cel1f atth Chief Security Section 1023592 10 July 1947 Spot report. n 8 July 47 at approximately 1550 PST Alvin E Mour- objeat of light reflecting nature which appeared to be with- out vertical fin or any visible wings with apparent depth or a P 51 airplane at approximately 35,000 feot altitude and approximate location of 34 dogreos 5 minutes latitudan 17 dogrees 30 minutes west longitude. Object was in Bight Tor approximately 30 seconds. Objoat was again sighted at 15505 PST at approximately 50000 feet altitude and over Mount Baldy approximate Jocation of 34 degrees 20 mlnuter Iatitude-117 degrees 47 minutes west longitude. Pilot attempted to keep object in sight but was Speed of P 51 approximately 300 uph an climbing. March Field and other bases in area, were contested and reported none of their ships in tha air. AAL ACTION: AAF INFO: ID, PAO, Spea Wie, RED CM IN 1870 (22 Jul 47) End DIST ACTION GONPIDINCIAL DTG 1023590 13 WS ACB ACTION COPY COPY No. THE MAKING OF AN EXACT COPY OF THIS MESSAGE IS FORBIDDEN 13 DUI

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7385 Tha A-, ofuins branch Ww of Topeka (Clay Centi-Kanne) Hyn, A lot @ 90" Boss 6. 200 mph Nese @ Ivo a little higher then fis set toughs is toas a wale tower; atons a mile abay it lacked liked a flying eving excep it eng fly; retreally and almost completely sound. No drunke, no Hew he turned toward it aud es dreappeared abnors insederkely. He believes is races have been super sonic beaun yapes as wik ih disappeared; Iris co pilot wardozing othe me and do the tere he was behens Me stegees diap pend. Dujial Machin was to nos не, моруаль to top, ten disappears. Landed as Hansas Ciby 1400 his cenhal Time. This fact place apfroei3is

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FROM: CG ATID ATC FORT TOTTEN, M. I. TIME AND DATE FILED: 1423232 JULY 1947 - TO: CG ATC ATTN CHIEF OF STAFT MESSAGE FROM NEWPOUNDLAND BASE COMMAND SUBJECT QUOTE FLYING DISCS UNQUOTE GIVES FOLLOWING SUMMARY OF INTERVIEW WITH IRIC KHARSEY CMA NEWPOUNDLAND • CONSTABULARY CIN CONSTABLE REPORTED SXEING POUR EGG SHAPE PHOSPHORUS COLOR DISCS ABOVE GRAND FALLS NEWPOUNDLAND AT TWO THREE TERHE ZERO HOURS LOCAL TII NINE JULI A ND A SINGLE DISC ONS ZERO MINUTES LATER PD AT FIRST APPRAR ANCE ACCORDING TO KEARSEY FOUR DISCS WERE CLOSE TOGETHER IN ABLE LINS A TRAIL FORMATION MOVING EAST PARAIJARL TO GROUND PD SINGLE DISC LESS CLEAR BUT TRAVELING SAME DIRBOTION PD KBARSEY WOULD ROUGHLY ESTIMATE ALTITUDE OF DISCS AT THREE ZERO THOUSAND TENT SEMICIN APPARENTLY MOVING VERY FAST AS THISY DISAPPEARED IN ABLE FEW SECONDS PD KEARSHY SAID SHAPE OF DISC WAS LIKE BARREL HEAD OR BIG SIMICIN BLACK SPOTS ON TALLEND SIMI CIN NO SMOKE TRAIL SEMI CIN AND HERE REPORTED THAT ANOTHER OBSERVER COMPARED SHAPE OF DISCS TO THRIE LHAT PD IND OF COMMUNICATION FROM NEMPOUNDIAND BASE COMMAND PD ESTAB LISHED BY INTERVIEWER CHA NONCOM IN CHARGE REPEATER STATION GRAND FALLS CHA THAT CAVU WAS WHATHER AT TIMES INDICATED ATO CM-IN X0044 14 CONFID AL Recewed AFBIR-CO 166

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RESTRICTED IE 400 INCOMTHO GLASSIPTED MESSAGE SEKPHENVILL EKPOUNDLAND PRIORITY TOES, AND DATE PILEDE 151915g JULY 1947 TOS CO HQ ATO WASH 25 DE ATTI AC/S INTRLLICENCE INPO CO ATID ATC PT TOTTEN IT IX CG NBC PT PEPPERIEL APO 862 C/O PM NEW YORK FROM CO 1588TH AAP BU ТУ ВЕРШУ СІТЕ: ERX 0215 POR INTRLLIGENCE PD ONE FLYING DISC, SIGHTED 20002 4O JULY 47, BARNOW FIBID, NEXPOUNDLAND, AT APPROKTVATELY 10000 FSET, COUESEL NORTH NORTH EAST PD UBATHERE CLAR WITH SCATTBRED CUMULUS AT 8-10000 FEBT PD COLORA SILVERY PD DISC NAS FIRST SIGHTED ABOUT 6, MILES SOUTH SOUTH W SET FROM HARMON FIRED BY MR MERENAN, TA TEPISSENTATIVE AND MIR WOODRIFT, PAA IIPEESENTATIVR PD DISC APPEARED ABOUT THE SAMS SPAN AS C-S4 AZ 10000 FERT, NAS CIRCULAR IN SHAPE LIKE WAGONS WEBEL, DISC SINNED TO CUT THE CLOUDS OPEN AS IT PASSED THRU AND TAFT A BLUISH BLACK TRAIL APPIOKTMATELY PIPTEEN MILES LONG PD TRAIL WAS SIMILAR TO THE BEAN SEEN APTER A HIGH PORBIED LANDING LIGHT OR SBARCH LIGHT IS SWITCHED OFF PD XODACHBOME PICTURES WERE TAKEN AND ARE BEING DEVELOPED STATE SIDE PD PHOTOS WILL BE FONIARDED AS SOON AS THEY AR RECBIVED BY MR WOODRUFF END Kimbel X-0051 Б RESTRIGTED Recewed APBIR-CO 16 Jarly 4).

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MESSAGEFORM CALLS MESSAGE CENTER NO CR-1 TRANSMITTING MEANS CRYPTOGRAPH OR CLEAR TEXT STA, SER. NO. PRECEDENCE TRANSMISSION INSTRUCTIONS ORIGINATOR PRIORITY ACTION NR DATE-TIME GROUP 1221482 July 47 INFORMATION EXEMPT OPERATING SIGNALS GROUP COUNT BR • SPACE ABOVE FOR SIGNAL CENTER ONLY FROM: (Originaler) . FINYN S9th AACS Group Simendorf Alaska SECURITY CLASSIFICATION ACTION TO: COMAS ATTH ASST CHINT STATI INPSLLIGANCE ACTION PRECEDENCE FORRFORMATION • ORIGINAL MESSAGE REFERS TO ANOTHER MESSAGE IDENTIFICATION CLASSIFICATION INFORMATION TO: OLVECE RISLABLING A GRAYYISH BALLOON APPROXIIATALY ONE ZERO PEET IN DIALUPER OBSERVED PROW LALIDORY PIELD FYING IN MOR HWSST DIRECRION FOLLOWING COLTOUR OF MOUNTAINS FIVE MILOS AWAY PD OBJECT FLYING ALPITULE ONA PIVE ZURO ZERO FEET ESTINARING ONE ZERO ZERO MILES PER HOUR IT HAS OBSARVAD PARALIELING THE COUASE OF CHARLIE DAD POUR SEVE LADIO HUEZAVAST INTO TWO ZERO MILE PEE HOUR WIND PD OBJLOT WAS OBSARVED ONE TWO ZERO FOUR THREE ZERO ZEBRA FOR SEVERAL MINUTES BY MAJOR GRAHKITHIS HRADQUARTARS SEVERAL OFFICERS FROM ALASKAN DEPARTIENE SUOSTANTIARED HIS STUKY PD COPY 16 Recewed AFBIR-CO 14 July 4? rarephrase not required. Hawdle as fore TaPiAt correspondence per parrgraphs 511 and COa (4), AR 380-3, 15 August 1946. - SECURITY CLASSIFICATION - COR FORTIAL SIGNATURE -AUTHORIZATION SYMBOL -ORIGINATING AGENCY- DATE-TIME GROUP OFFICIAL TITLE PAGE " OF WD AGO FORM 13 J08 1148 11-168 This form supersedes WD AGO Form 11-168, 23 Aug 44, and WD AGO Form 801, 12 Mar 43, which are obsolete. 40801-1 ". B. BOVERRMENT PRINTINS OFFICE 108

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MESSAGEFORM CALLS MESSAGE CENTER NO. CH 97 TRANSMITTING MEANS ROUTINE CRYPTOGRAPH OR CLEAR TEXT ACTION FROM: (Originator) • ACTION TO: STA, SER, NO. PRECEDENCE TRANSMISSION INSTRUCTIONS NR INFORMATION EXEMPT OPERATING SIGNALS ORIGINATOR DATE-TIME GROUP 1200472 July 47 GROUP COUNT 8R FINYN I SPACE ABOVE POR SIGNAL CENTER ONLY SyCA AACS Group Elmendorf Alaska CONAS SECURITY CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL ACTION PRECEDENCE FOR INFORMATION ATVI ASSISTANT CHIEF OF INTELLIGENCH • ORIGINAL MESSAGE REFERS TO ANOTHER MESSAGE IDENTIFICATION CLASSIFICATION INFORMATION TO: OBJECT RESEKBLING AIT ALUMINUM COLORAD BALLOON ABOUT THREE FENT IN DIAMETER WAS REPORTED SEEN AT AN UNDST RAINED ALTITUDE FLYING AT A GREAT SPEED IN A NURTH TO SOUTH DIRECTION PD OBSCAVATION WAS MADA IN VICINITY OF ELMANDORE FIELD AT ONE ONE TWO ONE ZERO ZURO ZEBRA BY COLONEL PERRY AND MAJOR GEYSER THIS HNADQUARTERS PD COPY Recewed AFBIR-10 it Jelly 4? Paraphrase not required. Handle as Con ibu TirE correspondence per paragraphs 511 and 6ua (4), AR 380-5, 15 August 1946. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION • SIGNATURE •AUTHORIZATION- SYMBOL COM TOWNE -ORIGINATING AGENCY DATE-TIME GROUP OFFICIAL TITLE PAGE OF WD AGO FORM 18 FOR 1848 11-168 This form supersedes WD AGO Porm 11-168, 23 Aug 44, and WD AGO Form 801, 12 Mar 43, which are obsolete. 16-48901-1 # N. B. BOVERNMENT PRINTINO OFFICE

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A. MUM 39E. MAINST. FROSTIURA, MARTLAND July 21, 1917 chief f Army Sitelligence - • Plan Sir: On Junta to Lete and. dancer Praguerg: - meng aled are light on? the Flying I crued our year - 1942 2 1906 -mith thi icegeed to the shind Fentle and the traith ar. 19 88 at 945 AM. (OST) dunday July anthe daberned au airtune objeet that append to be circules or praibly mid, leght ali, to arkite in ellar, meth near it center, flynng me a With that big set deedin me the vene.. Se and Pitthug. be. He a pm fly at he the able jin. The a buy are about theren for. A (Hi) seers ast with Ihree chand le 5000 2. 1 so pel like a Fla La funny evented alln st attition, but with the apprened. of the cript uns punctina un a upe 109

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me intel it reached the peep, teas of as louderer when the aft wn ove, heed. This arent mone wit unlife thit of a fit guplled glamesp the terrifie wilm ally loud Sue to the rear cist crinditin of the aby Lucis muble to me the sirenst ... it ow des by risible for a perced of about tracity (20) erer. lo. the tiraft we shone the tip mant lagery clouds or venershere nine le maicendy if 12a00 pl (D57) Mit de. at 09:47 AM. an DCH Airerft pened over going in the see diestines and on the come care at about sooo ft altitude. The prenter difference are and a herpe - a dankarea at its center. c- There mace no trail of ambie sealersio wound the the got. e. It mize, big an funera a farmbly Loball hold soft from ithe He ly ander Shoe endedan the mitter an

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this is are entirely type f ais cript or 1 It is a high powered jet perpelled around the a prit ot designed to hise the tail candly and wing tipo, wince neither were a chechef aircraft in this area at the and the e it le an eh to some salle RECEIVED ///

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Package received from Sheriff Merle I. Wilnoth, Watseka, Ill. His letter states the instrument in the package was found by a farner at Danforth, Ill. It landed in the middle of a section of his farm land and burned weeds 22 feet tall to fine ash an area of 12 feet in diam. around where the object dropped. The instrument consists of: (a) Plaster of paris body having an oval cavity thru it. (b) A power microphone which screws over one end of the oval cavity. The power microphone carried the name, "Nathaniel Baldwin Inc." salt Lake City, Utah. Pat May 10 1910 & sept l, 1916. Pat los 957403 (second nunber not readable) (c) A small "Polymat" filter condenser. (d) Two bakelite cylinders to which is attached a net work of fine copper wire. These were obviously coils and the impact has torn the wire from the core. (Our radio section definitely states that this is old stuff, or the coils were used quite some time ago, since having been replaced by smaller more efficient coils) (e) A piece of metal having magnetic properties obviously broken off the power microphone as a result of the impact. The plaster of paris body was broken up by the impact but some of the pieces were held together by wire reinforcement inside the plaster of paris. Mrs. Whedon 3B 274 Ext 73909 (jig C) was shown this object by Mr. Zinmer of the FBI. Mrs "hedon claims she knew what it was, but couldn't tell Zimmer. Mays a tele Ди Задро 24 53

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STANDARD FORM NO. 64 Office Memorandum • UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT 1947 JUL 22 AM 11 44.. TO • Mr. Moxom, Regional Office No. 1, N.Y, DATE: 7/15/47 FROM : Mr. Wright, WBAS, Richnond, Va. Restricted SUBJECT: "Flying Disks" We hesitate to make this report coneerning our pilot balloon observations in regards to a flying disk because of the considerable national skepticism regarding the subject at present. However, local newspapers inform us that the U.S. Goverment admits no authority for ..such a ship or object and for its flights. Then we must assume this strange object to be foreign. information. Therefore, we submit this report for your If sighted again, we wonder if it would be a good idea to drop the balloon and instead make observations on this disk. Mr. Minozewski has observed this strange metallic disk on three occasions through the theodolite while making his pibal observation during the last six montha. Miss Baron has reported observing it on one occasion. Miss Baron's report agrees with Nr. Minozewski's observations except as to the color-which she reported as a dull metallic luster. Mr. Minozewski last observed this disk in April 1947 at the 1100E Pibal Observation when the balloon. was at 15 thousand feet. the disk was followed for 15 seconds, apparently moving on level flight from east to west to the far notth of the station. The object was a metallic like Chrome -shaped something like an ellipse with a flat level bottom and a dome like-round top. The disk appeared below the balloon, was much larger in size in the instrument, and shined like silver. It was impossible to estimate the height or speed of the disk except that it appeared to be moving rather rapidly. Miss Baron observed the disk when her balloon was at about 27 thousand feet. All days observed were either clear or with very few clouds and good visibility. INFO Very truly yours, Brage A. Wright R. D EXEC. ASS T. TECH. MATERIE SECRETARY FILE